Computer Science Revision Card

Pregunta	Respuesta
Unit/Modular Testing	The testing of the application modules to verify each unit (module) itself meets the accepted user requirements, design and development standards. This is done early on in the development cycle.
Integration Testing	Testing the modules together - all in the same environment, database instance, network and related applications, as it would function in production.
Alpha Testing	This is the first round of testing, alpha testing is testing the program 'in-house' before releasing the software onto the market.
Beta Testing	After Alpha Testing; the developers will then trial the software with a limited number of users. The users report any problems to the developers. This is called BETA testing.
Acceptance Testing	Formally testing the software with the customer to prove that it meets the Requirement Specification so the project is completed and the developers get paid.
Test Plan	A formal set of tests designed to use all possible types of input and all paths through the program; designed to check that the output is as expected for specific types of inputs.
SDLC Models -Waterfall Model	Image: a386f7e3-2dd9-4d89-b6dc-17cb9b5a262a (image/jpg)
Sound - Diagram	Image: 12349110-e043-4954-8751-e8c867d564a5 (image/png)
Topologies	Network topology refers to how computers are connected to a network. There are three main types of network topology: bus, ring and star.
Sound - Information	Sounds created on a computer exist as digital information encoded as audio files. Digital sound is broken down into thousands of samples per second. Each sound sample is stored as binary data.
Sound - Information 2	Factors that affect the quality of digital audio include: Sample rate - the number of audio Samples captured every second Bit depth - the number of bits available for each clip Bit rate - the number of bits used per second of audio
What is RAM?	Random Access Memory (RAM): Memory that is constantly being written to and read from. It does not retain its contents without a constant supply of power, ie when a computer is turned off, everything stored in its RAM is lost.
Software	The programs, applications and data in a computer system. Any parts of a computer system that aren't physical.
Translator	Program translators convert program code into machine code to be executed by the CPU. There are three types of translator: interpreter, compiler and assembler.
Transistors	Microscopic devices that open and close circuits to communicate electrical signals. CPUs contain millions of transistors.
Interpreter	A program that translates high-level programming languages into machine code. Programs can either be interpreted or compiled.
Volatile Memory	The memory used to store computer program data while is being executed. RAM is the main type of volatile memory. It is volatile because when power is switched off it no longer retains any data.
Storage	The hardware of a computer that stores data long term, such as a memory card or hard drive.
What is ROM?	Read Only Memory (ROM): memory or storage that has data stored on it that cannot be changed. E.g. Bootstrap, used to boot up the OS
Non-Volatile Memory	A form of computer memory that stores data even when not powered.
Heat Sink	A component used on computer motherboards to cool the CPU.
Firmware	The software that has been written onto a hardware device.
Core	A processing unit within a CPU. CPUs can have multiple cores.
Control Unit	The component of the CPU that manages instructions.
BIOS	Basic input output system - the basic firmware that is embedded in the computer ROM chip used to start a computer.
Clock Speed	The speed of a computer CPU, measured in hertz
Flash Memory	A form of memory in a computer that uses electronic transistors to store data.
GPU	Graphical processing unit - a computer chip dedicated to processing graphics.
Operating System	The software that runs a computer. -IOS, Windows, Linux etc.
USB Memory Stick	A physically small storage device. It normally plugs into a USB port. They are also called USB sticks, memory sticks, thumb or flash drives. These devices use solid state memory with no moving parts.
Algorithm	A sequence of logical instructions for carrying out a task. In computing, algorithms are needed to design computer programs.
Assignment	Setting the value of a variable in a computer program
Constant

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