Creado por Johanna Brinkmann
hace más de 8 años
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Pregunta | Respuesta |
What is the most common form of dementia? When was it first described? | Alzheimer's disease; 1906 |
Examples for mild, moderate and severe stages of Alzheimer | Mild: Memory loss, language problems Moderate: Behavior & personality, learning Severe: Gait changes, incontinence, bedridden |
What is the most accurate method to confirm Alzheimer? | Histologically post-mortem |
How is Alzheimer diagnosed? | Patient history, information from relatives, clinical observations; Check for alternative conditions: CT, MRT, SPECT, PET |
What are plaques? | (Amyloid / Diffuse Aß) plaques (=AßPs): mostly insoluble deposits of amyloid beta peptides outside neurons. Normally broken down in healthy body. |
What are tangles? | (Neurofibrillary) tangles (or neuritic plaques=NPs): insoluble twisted fibers of the protein tau inside the cells. Destroys structure of cell's cytoskeleton. Tau normally is a reinforcing part of the microtubuli. |
What is destroyed in Alzheimer and where? | Neurons & synapses in temporal lobe, parietal lobe and parts of frontal cortex and gyrus cinguli. (-> atrophy of these regions) |
In Alzheimer, acetylcholinergic neurons of the basal forebrain degenerate - what are typical cell populations in young, elderly and AD people? | Young: 400,000 to 475,000 Elderly: less than half (140,000) AD: 45,000 to 100,000 |
What medications are currently used to treat the coginitive problems of AD? | Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (e.g. tacrine) NMDA receptor antagonist (memantine). No effects could be clearly shown! |
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