Cardiovascular System

Pregunta	Respuesta
Systemic Circulation	Blood flow to all body parts except lungs
Pulmonary Circulation	Flow of blood between heart & lungs only
CV Functions	Structures work together as an efficient system to pump blood to all body tissues, blood supplies oxygen & nutrients to tissues and transport cellular waste products
Heart	a muscular organ about the size of a fist, located just behind and slightly left of the breastbone. The heart pumps blood through the network of arteries and veins called the cardiovascular system.
Blood	55% liquid plasma, 45% formed elements
Arteries	Transport blood away from heart to all body parts
Veins	Return blood from all body parts to heart
Capillaries	Permit exchange of nutrients & waste products between blood & cells
Septum	wall that seperates the 4 chambers
Atria	Two upper chambers of heart, receiving chambers and all blood vessels coming into heart enter here
Ventricles	Two lower chambers of heart, pumping chambers, all blood vessels leaving heart emerge from here
Tricuspid Valve	Controls the opening between the right atrium & right ventricle
Mitral Valve	Or bicuspid valve, located between left atrium and left ventricle
Aortic Semilunar Valve	Located between left ventricle and aorta
Pulmonary Semilunar Valve	Located between right ventricle and pulmonary artery, shaped like half-moon
Aorta	Largest blood vessel in body, main trunk of arterial system, begins from left ventricle
Vena Cava	Largest vein in the body. They return blood to the right atrium of the heart
Path of Deoxygenated Blood	Inferior/Superior Vena Cava --> R Atrium --> Tricuspid Valve --> R Ventricle --> Pulmonary Semi Valve --> Pulm Artery --> Lung Capillaries
Path of Oxygenated Blood	L Atrium --> Mitral Valve --> L Ventricle --> Aortic Semi Valve --> Aorta --> Arteries --> The Body
Diastole	Phase of the cardiac cycle when a heart chamber wall relaxes.
Systole	Phase of the cardiac cycle when a heart chamber wall contracts
Sinoatrial Node	Specialized tissue in the wall of the right atrium that initiates cardiac cycles; the pacemaker; SA Node
Atrioventricular Node	Specialized mass of cardiac muscl fibers in the interatrial septum of the heart: transmits cardiac impulses from the sinoatrial node to the AV bundle; AV node
Purkinje Fibers	Specialized muscle fibers that conduct the cardiac impulses from the AV bundle into the ventricular walls
Pacemaker	Mass of specialized muscle tissue that controls the rhythm of the heartbeat.
QRS Complex	Shows the contracation (stimulation) of ventricles, atria relax as ventricles contract
P Wave	Due to contraction (stimulation) of the atria
T Wave	Relaxation (recovery) of ventricles
Electrical Impulses	Know as conduction system, come from nerves, stimulate myocardium and determine rate and regularity of heart beat, controlled by sinoartrial node, atrioventricular node and bundle of His
Cardiac Output	A series of myocardial contractions and relaxations that constitute a complete heartbeat
Stroke Volume	The volume of blood that each ventricle discharges in a heartbeat
Peripheral Resistance	Resistance to blood flow due to friction between blood vessel walls 1. blood viscosity, 2. total blood vessel length, 3. blood vessel diameter
BP increase	Blood Flow Increase
Resistance Increase	Flow Decrease
Lumen	channel within blood vessels
Caused by the vibration and abrupt closure of the AV valves as the ventricles contract; this first sound is of longer duration and lower pitch than the second	First, or lub sound
Caused by the closing of both the semilunar valves when the ventricles undergo diastole(relax)	2nd sound "dub"
arterial blood pressure is about	120/80
Where is the SA node located?	R Atrium
hemoglobin	an iron-containing pigment found in red blood cells, carries 97% of oxygen.
Cardiac Plexus	A combination of sympathetic and parasympathetic fibers and an area for the brain to talk to the heart.

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	Creado por Kylie Miller hace casi 8 años