102686
Descripción
Mapa Mental por jacksearle, actualizado hace más de 1 año
|
Creado por jacksearle
hace más de 11 años
|
|
British Reforms
- Morley Minto reforms 1909
- Why?
- British had new labour govt - open to reforms
- Key reason - knew that partition of
Bengal angered people
- Scared of Rebellion - wanted to keep people happy
- Scared of Rebellion - wanted to keep people happy
- British had new labour govt - open to reforms
- People
- Morley - SoSI
- Minto - Viceroy
- Morley - SoSI
- What it did
- Made changes to legis councils - suggest laws to Viceroy
- Total Indians 135 up from 39 in 1892 Indian Councils Act
- 60 Indian reps on viceroys council - 27 from select groups
- Provincial councils expanded
- Separate electorates, Muslim ensured voice
- Reserved seats for Muslims
- Made changes to legis councils - suggest laws to Viceroy
- Congress Unhappy
- See as Divide + Rule - believed Muslims
should be part of united India
- See as Divide + Rule - believed Muslims
should be part of united India
- Muslims happy
- Guaranteed a say
- Guaranteed a say
- Limited impact
- 168 resolutions suggested - 24 went
through - little change
- 168 resolutions suggested - 24 went
through - little change
- Success
- Indians involved in policy for first time
- Indians involved in policy for first time
- Why?
- 1915 Defence of India Act
- War time act - Measures:
- curfews
- no right to trial
- Anti British groups banned
- Censorship
- Rationing
- curfews
- Seen as fair - in war there needed to be change
- War time act - Measures:
- 1919 Rowlatt Acts
- Wartime Controls after war
- No political meetings
- Censorship of media
- Curfews/travel restrictions
- Imprisonment without trial
- Arrest without trial
- No political meetings
- Indians very angry
- Fought for UK in WW1 - expected
more rights and rewards
- Fought for UK in WW1 - expected
more rights and rewards
- Amritsar Massacre
- Dyer open fires on public meeting in Jallianwala Bagh
- 379 dead, 1200 wounded
- Imposed martial law after - flogging etc
- Hunter Inquiry - Dyer censured - Indians see as huge injustice
- Britain no longer have moral high ground
- Britain no longer have moral high ground
- Hunter Inquiry - Dyer censured - Indians see as huge injustice
- Imposed martial law after - flogging etc
- 379 dead, 1200 wounded
- Dyer open fires on public meeting in Jallianwala Bagh
- Wartime Controls after war
- Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms 1919
- Passed December 1919 - Put into practice 1921
- 3 major changes
- 1. Self govt in future
- Confirmed promise of eventual self govt
- Promised review in 10 years time where
independence decision may be made
- Promised review in 10 years time where
independence decision may be made
- Confirmed promise of eventual self govt
- Changes to Council/Electorate
- Elected Indian members now in majority on legis councils
- Exec council increased to 6 - 3 appointed Indians
- Provincial councils expanded again
- Franchise increased 5 million can vote on provinical govts
- Principle of separate electorates firmly embedded
- Reserved elections of Muslims, Sikhs and
Christians by own electorate
- Reserved elections of Muslims, Sikhs and
Christians by own electorate
- Principle of separate electorates firmly embedded
- Franchise increased 5 million can vote on provinical govts
- Provincial councils expanded again
- Exec council increased to 6 - 3 appointed Indians
- Elected Indian members now in majority on legis councils
- Dyarchy
- Transferred
- Local self govt
- Education
- Health
- Agriculture
- Agriculture
- Health
- Education
- Local self govt
- Reserved
- Foreign Affairs
- Finances
- Law and Justice
- Police
- Police
- Law and Justice
- Finances
- Foreign Affairs
- Transferred
- Reaction
- saw temporary end to violence
- Indian nationalists gave lukewarm reaction -
saw it as complex and confusing
- Act didn't seem worth years of anticipation
- No point rejecting opportunities given
- readiness to demand more
- National movement about to be transformed by Gandhi
- National movement about to be transformed by Gandhi
- readiness to demand more
- No point rejecting opportunities given
- Act didn't seem worth years of anticipation
- Indian nationalists gave lukewarm reaction -
saw it as complex and confusing
- saw temporary end to violence
- 1. Self govt in future
- Passed December 1919 - Put into practice 1921
- Govt of India Act 1935
- 3 main principles
- Eventual federation at national level
- Provincial autonomy
- Safeguard for central govt
- Eventual federation at national level
- most complicated legislation ever, 450 clauses
- Provisions
- Expand electorate to 35 mil
- Abolish dyarchy - reserved powers
given to provincial govts
- Create full provinical govts - exec and legis
- Viceroy keeps power of defence and foreign affairs
- Section 93
- Section 93
- Viceroy keeps power of defence and foreign affairs
- Create full provinical govts - exec and legis
- Abolish dyarchy - reserved powers
given to provincial govts
- Expand electorate to 35 mil
- Reaction
- Left/right wing unhappy, too little/too much
- Many Indians believed it to be too little too
late - demands has changed
- Congress split on reaction
- Some rejected on priniciple
- Some wanted to grasp short term gains
- Some rejected on priniciple
- Left/right wing unhappy, too little/too much
- Federation failed
- Princes did not want to lose personal power
- Gave up at start of WWII
- Gave up at start of WWII
- Princes did not want to lose personal power
- 3 main principles
- Partition of Bengal 1905
- Aim - Make British admin more efficient and respected
- why partition?
- streamlines admin
- Bengal vlnerable to floods etc
- Block the success of congress - make a muslim majority state
- streamlines admin
- 3 tier reaction
- very moderate
- Letter and meetings
- Letter and meetings
- moderate
- Marches and boycotts
- Marches and boycotts
- extremist
- violence
- Bombings + shootings
- Bombings + shootings
- violence
- very moderate
- Aim - Make British admin more efficient and respected
¿Quieres crear tus propios Mapas Mentales gratis con GoConqr? Más información.