Passing dark colored urine (Urinary Bladder cancer)

Passing dark colored urine (Urinary Bladder cancer)

1. Anatomy of urinary bladder

2. Histology of urinary bladder

3. Physiology

4. Discoloration of urine

5. Types, definition and staging

   • Benign
     • Papiloma
     • Leiomyoma
   • Malignant
     • TCC
     • SCC
     • Adenocarcinoma
     • Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma
   • Small exophytic tumors arising from the bladder’s transitional epithelium projecting into the UB lumen as wart-like papillary outgrowths

6. S&S, risk factors

7. Causes ---> Schistosomiasis

8. Pathogenesis

9. Investigations

   • Cystoscopy.  Biopsy. (TURBT) Urine cytology.  Imaging tests. X-ray CT urogram (IVP) Retrograde pylogram Urinlysis.

10. Management

    • Cystectomy & Diversion

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