null
US
Iniciar Sesión
Regístrate Gratis
Registro
Hemos detectado que no tienes habilitado Javascript en tu navegador. La naturaleza dinámica de nuestro sitio requiere que Javascript esté habilitado para un funcionamiento adecuado. Por favor lee nuestros
términos y condiciones
para más información.
Siguiente
Copiar y Editar
¡Debes iniciar sesión para completar esta acción!
Regístrate gratis
140157
Last minute geology
Descripción
Geology Mapa Mental sobre Last minute geology, creado por emjaza el 27/06/2013.
Sin etiquetas
geology
geology
Mapa Mental por
emjaza
, actualizado hace más de 1 año
Más
Menos
Creado por
emjaza
hace alrededor de 11 años
155
1
0
Resumen del Recurso
Last minute geology
Rock examples
Igneous
Intrusive- granite, quartz
Extrusive- Pumice, basalt
Sedimentary
conglomerate
sandstone
mudstone
Metamorphic
limestone=marble
siltstone=slate
Exploration methods
The search for the rocks containing the minerals, oil or coal
Aerial methods
Magnetic surveys
Iron, nickel, cobalt change magnetic field
Magnetometers- detect change
'magnetic anomaly'
Gravity surveys
Gravimeters- detect changes in gravitational pull
Dense r&m affect pull
Electromagnetic surveys
detects good electric conductors
Magnetic field sent from transmitter(plane)
MF makes tiny eddy currents in minerals
Eddies make own magnetic field(secondary field)
Receiver detects SF
copper sulfide, lead sulfide, zinc sulfide, gold, silver
On-site methods
Seismic survey
Shock wave into ground
record reflecting sound waves
geophones, detect sound waves
structure of Earth's crust 35-60km deep
help understand how minerals form
help predict where minerals are
Geochemical surveys
Geochemistry
samples from surface/drill holes in rock- see amount of mineral
core sample- rock removed
water above/below indicator of minerals
groundwater dissolves minerals
detects diamonds, gold, uranium, copper
Satellite images
make images using light rays we can't see
sensors detect radiation- near-infrared, shortwave-infrared, thermal-infrared
help see features images with normal light don't show
Geological maps
show ore bodies from above&side
side view- 'cross-section'
help us decide how to best mine the ore
Mining
type of mineral geology of the area cost & mineral value
Surface Mining
cheapest if near surface
open-cut mine/ large pit
ore removed by machines with large shovels, giant drills called augers and drag lines
Underground mining
ore is deep, fairly concentrated, small space/narrow veins
Vertical shafts
horizontal shaft into ore
hoist lifts it to surface
Steady slope/decline
ore driven out by vehicle
15 degrees
inside mountain- adit- horizontal tunnels
Dredging
minerals heavier than sand
dig pit- fill with water= lake
boat sucks up sand using hoses
separated then sand & water piped back in
Leach mining
minerals dissolved in fluid injected
holes drilled into rock
'leach solution' is pumped into the ore
dissolved ore solution pumped to the surface
solution which will dissolve the ore= 'leach solution'
Petroleum wells
Petroleum- liquide & gas- trapped within sedimentary rock layers
bore narrow holes into rock
Derrick- steel tower to support drilling equipment
hole drilled until oil/gas found or give up
clay, chemicals, water pumped through drill pipe- keep cool
When found
drill & pipe removed
metal casing (hollow tube lowered into hole and cemented in place
System of pipes and valves -'wellhead'- separates into storage tanks
pumps, water/steam/gas injected to increase pressure/oil flow
Rigs
rest on seafloor, float wires attached, boats
pumped through pipelines on seafloor to factories
floating ships link to well, onboard treatment/storage
flammable- disaster risk high
Mostrar resumen completo
Ocultar resumen completo
¿Quieres crear tus propios
Mapas Mentales
gratis
con GoConqr?
Más información
.
Similar
Types of Rocks
lloyd.richards98
F792 Geology Identifying Rocks
Izzy Backhouse
AS Geology - Planetary Geology; Planets of the universe
Rebecca Giddings
GCSE Chemistry: The Crust
Landon Valencia
The Rock Cycle
Antonia Blankenberg
Geology- Structural
holliebishop1996
Chapter 1: The Nature of Science
Caroline Conlan
Geology - 1.1
Rosina Rennie
Rocks and Minerals
swimshelbyswim
Geology-Mindmap
Michael LEwis
The Nature of Science
Amanda Valentine
Explorar la Librería