Fibres and Fabrics

Fibres and Fabrics

Natural fibres and fabrics
1. Cotton
  1. Comes from the fine hairs on the seeds in a ripe seed pod of a cotton plant
  2. Properties
    1. Physical
      1. Strong
      2. Absorbent
      3. Cool to wear
      4. Hard-wearing
      5. Creases easily
    2. Aesthetic
      1. Smooth
      2. Versatile
      3. Easy to care for
2. Linen
  1. Comes from the fibrous stem of a flax plant
  2. Properties
    1. Physical
      1. Hard-wearing
      2. Cool next to skin
      3. Strong
      4. Absorbent
      5. Creases easily
      6. No drape
    2. Aesthetic
      1. Natural look
      2. Good handle
3. Wool
  1. Comes from the hair of a sheep; a coat or a fleece
  2. Properties
    1. Physical
      1. Warm
      2. Absorbent
      3. Low flammability
    2. Aesthetic
      1. Good handle
      2. Elastisity
4. Silk
  1. Comes from the cocoon of a silkworm
    1. The outer layer tends to be short staple (broken cocoon)
    2. The inner layer comprises long filament fibres carefully unravelled
  2. Properties
    1. Physical
      1. Absorbent
      2. Soft and comfortable
      3. Cool
      4. Warm
    2. Aesthetic
      1. Strong when dry
      2. Natural sheen
      3. Handles well
Synthetic fibres and fabrics
1. Artificial fibres
  1. Comes from coal, oil and other petrol-based chemicals (monomers)
    1. The process of joining these monomers is known as polymerisation, these mixed polymers are then spun (twisted) into yarns
      1. Polyamide
        Physical
        Strong
        Hard-wearing
        Good elasticity
        Doesn't decompose
        Aesthetic
        Versatile
        Fabric names
        Nylon
        Tactel
        Tactel micro
        End use
        Clothing
        Ropes
        Carpets and rugs
        Seat belts and sports belting
        Advantages
        Durable
        Strong when wet
        Resists bacteria
        Reasonably inexpensive
        Disadvantages
        Can be damaged by sunlight, making it discolour and weak
        Poor absorbancy
      2. Polyester
        Physical
        Strong when wet and dry
        Flame resistant
        Doesn't decompose
        Aesthetic
        Versatile
        End use
        Wide range of textile products
        Fabric names
        Terylene
        Polyester fleece
        Trevira
        Fineese
        Miratec
        Dacron
        Disadvantages
        Poor absorbancy
        Advantages
        Strong when wet, dries quickly
        Cheap
        Hard-wearing
        Resists bacteria
      3. Acrylic
        Disadvantages
        Poor absorbancy
        Advantages
        Can be made insulating, warm and soft
        Physical
        Strong but weaker when wet
        Shrinks from heat and burns slowly then melts
        End use
        Knitwear and knitted jersey fabrics
        Toys, fake-fur products
        Upholstery fabrics
        Anti-bacterial socks and sportswear
        Aesthetic
        Soft, can be made into coarse and fine staple fibres
        Fabric names
        Courtelle
        Amicor
      4. Elastane
        Fabric names
        Lycra
        Disadvantages
        Poor absorbancy
        Physical
        Elastic
        Light weight
        Strong
        Hard-wearing
        Aesthetic
        Medium to coarse filament fibres
        Advantages
        Stretchy
        Can resist sun and sea
        End use
        Mainly swimwear and sportswear
Regenerated fibres and fabrics
Blended and mixed fibres
Fabric construction
1. Knitted
2. Woven
3. Non-woven
Fabric finishes
The future of fibres and fabrics

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	Creado por paigecharlton10 hace más de 9 años