Geriatrics: the care of aged people

Descripción

complications and treatments of a few geriatric illnesses
angelmuhonen
Mapa Mental por angelmuhonen, actualizado hace más de 1 año
angelmuhonen
Creado por angelmuhonen hace más de 9 años
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Resumen del Recurso

Geriatrics: the care of aged people
  1. Delirium
    1. Onset sudden, slurred speech, abnormal behavior, hallucinations, increased forgetfulness
      1. Causes: Acute infections, toxic substances, medications, surgery, vascular disorders & metabolic causes
        1. Management: Emotional support, controlled environment, medication changes & home instructions
    2. Ischemic Attack/Stroke
      1. Death of brain cells due to lack of oxygen
        1. Ischemic: blockage
          1. Hemorrhagic: Rupture
          2. Numbness, confusion, loss of vision, facial drooping, loss of balance
            1. Causes
              1. Controllable: lifestyle choices
                1. Uncontrollable: age, gender, family history
                  1. Treatment
                    1. Surgery, medication & rehabilitation
              2. Mental Disorders & Depression
                1. Effects: sleep disturbances, poor quality of life, disability, increased risk of illness, suicidal thoughts, fatigue
                  1. Treatment: professional help needed, medication, psychotherapy, support
                    1. Treat underlying illness, promote healthy lifestyle & activity, ensure safe & stable environment
                  2. Causes: Major life changes, medications, substance use
                    1. Major depression, dysthymia, bipolar, SAD, Anxiety, compulsive behavior
                  3. Infectious Diseases
                    1. Pneumonia: lung inflammation caused by virus or bacteria
                      1. Risk factors: immobile, decreased lung function, other illnesses, hospital stays
                        1. Treatment: Antibiotics, oxygen, mobilization, nutrition, PPE use
                      2. UTI: infection in the urinary system
                        1. Risk factors: catheter, urinary retention, bedridden, surgery, immobile, inadequate fluids
                          1. Symptoms: low fever, dysuria, foul urine odor, frequent urination, cloudy/bloody urine
                            1. Treatment: Antibiotics, fluids, analgesic & mobilization
                              1. Prevention: proper hygiene, adequate fluids, movement, regular emptying of bladder
                      3. Musculoskeletal Disorders
                        1. Injury/damage/disorder of joints, muscles or bones in the limbs or back
                          1. Causes: injury, jerky movements, poor posture & overuse
                            1. Prevention: exercise, good posture, good lifestyle habits
                              1. Treatment: Medication, cold packs, therapy, massage
                              2. Symptoms: Pain, stiffness, swelling, fatigue & sleep disturbances
                          2. Challenges
                            1. Physical Changes
                              1. Medication
                                1. Social Environment
                                  1. Ethics
                                  2. Memory: ability to recall, sort & retain information
                                    1. Types of Memory
                                      1. Sensory
                                        1. Info stored <1 second
                                        2. Short Term
                                          1. Info stored <1 min.
                                            1. Strengthen: repetition, meaning, association & meaning
                                          2. Long Term
                                            1. Info. lasts a lifetime
                                          3. Memory Disorders
                                            1. Alzheimer's Disease
                                              1. 80% of memory disorders
                                                1. No Cure
                                                  1. Progressively worsens
                                                    1. Loss of memory, mood changes, problems with communication & reasoning
                                              2. Vascular Dementia
                                                1. 2nd most common
                                                  1. Onset sudden
                                                    1. Acute confusion, hallucinations, verbal impedements
                                                      1. No cure: treatment slows progression
                                                2. Fronto-temporal Dementia
                                                  1. Brain tissue shrinks
                                                    1. Behavior, emotional, language & communication problems
                                              3. Restraints: restricts free movement
                                                1. Reasons used:
                                                  1. Patient safety
                                                    1. Social situations
                                                      1. Understaffing
                                                      2. Effects:
                                                        1. Indirect
                                                          1. impaired balance
                                                            1. Loss of muscles
                                                              1. Infections...
                                                          2. Direct
                                                            1. Nerve Injury
                                                              1. Heart faliure
                                                                1. Asphyxiation
                                                            2. Psychological
                                                              1. Anxiety
                                                                1. Depression
                                                                  1. Low self sesteem
                                                            3. Use cautiously
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