Move more blood nearer to the skin cools the body more quickly
Protection
Moving antibodies around the body to fight disease. Your blood clots to seal cuts
Blood Made Of
Red Blood Cells
Carry oxygen around the blood in the haemoglobin
They have no nucleus
Leaves more room for haemoglobin
White Blood Cells
Fight against disease by destroying bacteria, viruses and toxins
Plasma
Carries everything in the bloodstream
Blood cells
Digested food
Glucose
Waste
Carbon Dioxide
Hormones
Platelets
Small fragments with no nucleus
They help clot blood at wounds
Double-Circuit
The cardiovascular system is made up of three main parts
The heart
The blood
The blood vessels
Arteries
Carry blood away from the heart
High blood pressure
Veins
Carry blood to the heart
Valves to stop back flow
Low blood pressure
Capillary
Carries blood to and from the body cells
One cell thick for gas exchange
Blood slows down due to large surface area
Each time blood goes right round your body it goes through the heart twice, once through each side
The blue is the deoxygenated blood and the red is the oxygenated blood
The cardiovascular system works by returning oxygenated blood from the
lungs to the heart through the pulmonary vein. The oxygenated blood is then
pumped at high pressure to the body from the heart, via the aorta.
Deoxygenated blood is pumped from the heart to the lungs, via the pulmonary
artery. The deoxygenated blood then returns to the heart, via the vena cara
Key Words
Hypotension- Means that oxygen and nutrients are not defined to vital organs (LOW BLOOD PRESSURE)
Hypertension- Lead to heart disease, kidney disease and strokes due to HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE
Systolic Pressure- the maximum pressure in the arteries when the heart contracts
Diastolic Pressure- the pressure of the blood during the relaxation stage (between the heart beats)
Stroke Volume- blood ejected per beat
Cardiac Output- blood ejected per minute (Q=H/RxSV)
Effects
Smoking
Short Term
Increase heart rate
Increase blood pressure
Decrease blood flow to supply oxygen
Fat and cholesterol increases in blood vessels
Constriction of blood vessels
Long Term
Narrowing or hardening of blood vessels
Increase heart disease
Increased arterioclerosis
Narrowing or hardening of artery
Exercise
Long Term
Heart muscle increases in size and strength
increase volume of blood and red blood cells
Increased number of capillaries in muscles
Cardiac output increases
Lower resting heart rate and a quicker recovery rate
Reduced risk of heart disease
Short Term
Blood temperature increases
Blood vessels near skin open up to
allow heat to be lost
Blood diverted to muscles from digestion
and other systems