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Enzymes
- What do enzymes do?
- Living things have thousands of
different chemical reactions going
on inside them all the time.
- These reactions need to be carefully controlled so
that you get the right amount of substances
- You can usually make a reaction happen more quickly be raising the temperature
- This would speed up the useful reactions but also the unwanted ones
- There is also a limit to how far you can raise the temperature
- This is because raising the temperature too far in a living creature before
its cells start getting damaged
- This is because raising the temperature too far in a living creature before
its cells start getting damaged
- This would speed up the useful reactions but also the unwanted ones
- Living things produce enzymes which act as biological catalysts
- Enzymes reduce the need for high temperatures and you only have
enzymes to speed up the useful chemical reactions in the body
- Enzymes reduce the need for high temperatures and you only have
enzymes to speed up the useful chemical reactions in the body
- Living things have thousands of
different chemical reactions going
on inside them all the time.
- What is a enzyme?
- An enzyme is a protein
- It is made up of chains of amino acids
- These chins are unique shapes, which do different jobs
- These chins are unique shapes, which do different jobs
- An enzyme is a protein
- Why do enzymes have unique shapes
- Chemical reactions usually involve things either being split
apart or joined together
- Every enzyme has a unique shape that fits onto
the substance or substances involved in a reaction
- Enzymes are really picky, they usually only catalyse one reaction
- This is because for the enzyme to work each substance has to fit its special shape
- If a substance doesn't match the enzyme's shape then
the reaction won't be catalyst
- Chemical reactions usually involve things either being split
apart or joined together
- How temp affects enzymes
- Changing the temp changes the rate of an enzyme-catalysed reactions
- Like with any reaction a higher temp increases the rate at first
- But if it gets too hot some of the bonds holding the enzymes together break
- This destroys the enzyme's special shape and so it won't work any more(this is known as denatured)
- This destroys the enzyme's special shape and so it won't work any more(this is known as denatured)
- Enzymes in the human body normally work best at around 37 degrees
- Changing the temp changes the rate of an enzyme-catalysed reactions
- How pH affects enzymes
- The pH affects enzymes because if its too high or low the bonds holding it is interfered with
- This changes the shape and denatures the enzymes
- All enzymes have an optimum pH that it works best at
- The pH affects enzymes because if its too high or low the bonds holding it is interfered with
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