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Supervolcanoes
- Case Study
- Yellowstone
- Located in Yellowstone National Park, North America
- Volcanic Features
- 'Old Faithful' the geyser
- Boiling/bubbling mud
- Hot springs
- Caldera shaped
not coned
shaped
- You can't see the edge
- You can't see the edge
- 1000x bigger than average volcano
- Multiple vents
- Much bigger &
more powerful
than normal
volcanoes
- 'Old Faithful' the geyser
- Worldwide effects if it erupted
- Indications of Eruption
- Huge earthquakes
- Seismometers
off the scale
- Rising levels of CO2
- Rising levels of CO2
- Hydrothermal explosions
- Harmonic Tremors
- More volcanic activity
- Huge earthquakes
- Located in Yellowstone National Park, North America
- 7 Known Supervolcanoes worldwide
- 1. Yellowstone Caldera -
North Americxa
- Case Study
- Case Study
- 2. Lake Toba - Indonesia
- 3. Taupo Caldera - New Zealand
- 4. Valles Caldera - New Mexico
- 5. Long Valley Caldera - North America
- 6. Aira Caldera - Japan
- 7. Asia
- 1. Yellowstone Caldera -
North Americxa
- Yellowstone
- Characteristics
- If a Supervolcano was to erupt it
would be 1000x times bigger than the
eruption of Mount St Helens
- Flat
- Unlike normal volcanoes which are like mountains, Supervolcanoes are flat
- Unlike normal volcanoes which are like mountains, Supervolcanoes are flat
- Big
- Supervolancoes cover a large area
and are much bigger than normal
volcanoes
- Supervolancoes cover a large area
and are much bigger than normal
volcanoes
- Caldera
- Supervolcanoes have a Caldera a
depression which forms after they
erupt. Normal volcanoes just have a
crater at the top
- Supervolcanoes have a Caldera a
depression which forms after they
erupt. Normal volcanoes just have a
crater at the top
- If a Supervolcano was to erupt it
would be 1000x times bigger than the
eruption of Mount St Helens
- Effects
- Worldwide
- Air becomes polluted
- Less sunlight
- Ice age
- Ice age
- Droughts
- Air travel halted
- Crops fail
- Starvation
- Death
- Death
- Disease
- Illness
- Death
- Death
- Illness
- Starvation
- Almost all life wiped out
- Nearly everything is destroyed
- Resources lost
- Resources lost
- Sulphur
dioxide makes
atmosphere
much colder
- Ice age
- Ice age
- Ash blown around
- Buildings collapse
- Suffocation
- Death
- Death
- Buried Alive
- Breathing problems
- Buildings collapse
- Air becomes polluted
- USA
- Lots of Ash, magma and rock
- Power cuts
- Water contaminated
- Air hard to breathe
- Storms
- Pyroclastic Flows
- 500mph+ and 800C+
- 500mph+ and 800C+
- 100km radius
- Food, plants & animals wiped out
- Millions are killed
- Thousands are injured
- Suphur gas poisions air
- 25000x3 of magma
- Inhabitable
- Buildings collapse
- Ash
- Suffocation
- Death
- Death
- Suffocation
- Ash
- Lots of Ash, magma and rock
- Worldwide
- Formation
- 1. Rising magma cannot escape and a large bulge appears on the surface
- 2. Cracks appear in the surface of the dome or bulge and gas, ash, lava and rocks erupt from the magma chamber
- 3. The magma chamber collapses forming a depression called a Caldera
- 3. The magma chamber collapses forming a depression called a Caldera
- 2. Cracks appear in the surface of the dome or bulge and gas, ash, lava and rocks erupt from the magma chamber
- Supervolcanoes form over Hotspots and
on destructive subduction plate margins -
where the Oceanic plate goes underneath
the contential plate
- 1. Rising magma cannot escape and a large bulge appears on the surface
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