Structure of RNA and DNA

James Watson and Francis Crick 1953
1. They worked out the structure of DNA - following the pioneering work of Rosalind Franklin.
2. DNA is made out of two strands of necleotides
3. Each of the two strands are extremely long
4. They are joined together by hydrogen bonds, which are formed between certain bases
A pentose sugar, phosphate group and organic base are joined as a result of a condensation reaction
1. The pentose sugar is deoxyribose
In DNA the sugar is deoxyribose, whereas in RNA the sugar is ribose
Individual necleotides are made up of:
1. A Pentose group
  1. A phosphate group
    1. A nitrogen containing organic base
      1. Cytosine, C
        Guanine, G
        Double hydrogen bond
      2. Adenine, A
        Thymine, T
        Triple hydrogen bond
DNA strands carry immense amounts of genetic information
Base pairings lead to DNA being able to replicate
Thymine
1. Uracil
  1. Cytosine
    1. Are all Purine bases
Adenine
1. Guanine
  1. All Pyrimidine bases

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