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Anti- and pro- natalist policies
Descripción
Geogrpahy Mapa Mental sobre Anti- and pro- natalist policies, creado por Ruth Armitage el 11/04/2013.
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geogrpahy
geogrpahy
Mapa Mental por
Ruth Armitage
, actualizado hace más de 1 año
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Creado por
Ruth Armitage
hace más de 11 años
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Resumen del Recurso
Anti- and pro- natalist policies
China's One Child Policy - 1979
Why?
After WW2, there were great fears of a severe famine in China
The population was growing at an exponential rate
What was the original policy?
Couples were restricted to just one child
and they had to be sterilised after their first child or abort any future pregnancies
As a reward, they were given a 5-10% salary increase
Couples could not marry until their late 20s
they were also given priority housing, pension and family benefits - incl. free education for the child
The Granny Police
Older, respected women supervise the community to make sure everyone keeps with the One Child Policy
Sanction
10% salary cut
bankrupt many households
Pay for education for both children + health care for the whole family
Problems
Forced abortions in the first month of pregnancy
Pressure on women
Families
Workmates
The "Granny Police"
Themselves
Local officials + govt. had power over people's private lives
Cultural preference of boys to girls
Boys take the family name and look after parents in old age
Some girls placed in orphanages or allowed to die
Over 15 million orphans in China
Mostly abandoned girls
Not easy to enforce in rural areas
Benefits
Famine predicted did not happen
Population growth slowed sufficiently
BR fell from 33.4 to 17
400 million fewer people born
Enough food and jobs
Increased technology and exploitation of resources
Higher S of L
New industries have lifted millions out of poverty
Changes to the policy - 1990s + 2000s
Young, single child couples can have 2 children
Young people are now responsible to 4 elderly parents
No siblings to help
Women can concentrate on careers
Have achieved more
Increased wealth
Attitude to having a daughter has improved
More people can break the rules and take the consequences
Half the population live on less than $2 per day
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