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Chapter 10: Cell
Growth and Division
- Cell Division
- The process by which a
cell divides into 2 new
daughter cells
- The process by which a
cell divides into 2 new
daughter cells
- Reasons Cells Stay Small
- #1: Small cells have a greater surfaces area
to volume ratio than large cells. Large cells
can more easily move nutrients and waste
across their membranes to meet the
demands of the cell.
- #2: Every cell in an organism has the
same amount of DNA. If the cell kept
growing with the same amount of DNA
it would be hard for that amount of
DNA to control cell activities
- #1: Small cells have a greater surfaces area
to volume ratio than large cells. Large cells
can more easily move nutrients and waste
across their membranes to meet the
demands of the cell.
- Cyclins
- Discovered in the 1980's
- proteins that
regulate the timing of
the cell cycle in
eukaryotes
- Discovered in the 1980's
- Internal Regulators
- proteins that respond to
events occurring inside a
cell.
- Allows the cell cycle to
proceed only when certain
events have occurred
- proteins that respond to
events occurring inside a
cell.
- External Regulators
- Proteins that
respond to events
outside the cell
- Directs cells to speed
up or to slow down the
cell cycle
- Proteins that
respond to events
outside the cell
- Apoptosis
- Process of programmed cell death
- Process of programmed cell death
- Cancer
- Cells divide
uncontrollably
- Cells don't respond to
signals that regulate cell
growth
- Tumor
- Mass of
cancer cells
- Benign Tumor
- Doesn't spread to
healthy tissue
- Doesn't spread to
healthy tissue
- Cancerous/Malignant Tumor
- Spreads to
surrounding tissue
- Spreads to
surrounding tissue
- Benign Tumor
- Mass of
cancer cells
- Possible Causes of
Cancer
- Smoking or
chewing tobacco
- Radiation
Exposure
- Defective
genes/viral
infections
- Smoking or
chewing tobacco
- Possible
Treatments
- Removed
by surgery
- Beams of
radiation
- Chemotherapy
- Removed
by surgery
- Cells divide
uncontrollably
- Cell Differentiation
- The process of
cells specializing
into different types
- EXAMPLE
- Stem Cell
- Erthtoid
- Hematopoiesis
- Myogenesis
- ETC..
- Erthtoid
- Stem Cell
- The process of
cells specializing
into different types
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