Population Dynamics

1. The world population was under 1 billion in 1750
2. By 1930 it grew to 2 billion
3. By 2011 it grew to 7 billion
4. The UN predicts that by 2050 population will be 9.3 billion
5. A range of 2.5 billion is applied because we can't tell if birth or death rates will increase
6. Demand on recources from a world population of 10.6 billion in 2050 would be higher than 8.1 billion

1. Birth Rate increase (Births per 1000 in a year)
2. Death Rate Decrease (Deaths per 1000 per year)
3. Natural increase could increase
   1. Birth Rate - Death Rate or Death Rate - Birth Rate
4. Life Expectancy could increase
   1. The average age the population die of
5. Infant Mortality could decrease
   1. The number of children that die each year per 1000
6. Fertility Rate
   1. The number of children women have in their lifetime.

1. When population increases it effects other things
   1. Healthcare costs and demands rise, and in the UK this can have pressure on the NHS
   2. The cost of long-term residential care and nursing homes for the elderly is rising
   3. As the number of people of the age of 65 rises, the number of working-age people fall
   4. A shortage of workers for offices and factories is an issue in Japan today

1. Countries have lower/higher populations due to
   1. Differences in birth and death rates
   2. Differences in the numbers of people migrating in and out of the country
2. Different levels of development
   1. MEDC
      1. Japan
         1. Base of population pyramid narrow
         2. Japan has a 'top heavy' pyramid with many people of retirement age
            1. Ageing population
   2. LEDC
      1. Nigeria
         1. Population pyramid has a wide bottom- youthful population
         2. Birth rates are high; life expectancy low, death rates also high
3. Economic Growth
   1. In Japan, children are seen as a cost
   2. In Nigeria children are seen as work assests
4. Migration
   1. Migration boosts countries population
      1. Immigration in the UK has increased population by 2.4 million
   2. In Japan immigration is low
   3. 300,000 people look for better jobs came from Nigeria
5. War and Conflict
   1. This often leads to lower amounts of men in a country
      1. In the 1st world war immigration increased as other people came to the aid of the english
         1. This formed the commonwealth

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