Farming in Britain

Nota:

• Agriculture is the way that people produce food by growing crops and raising animals/livestock

1. Types of farming
   1. Arable

      Nota:

      • Grain crops and vegetables, mainly for human use. Some used as animal feed.
      1. Requirements
         1. Relief

            Nota:

            • Flat/ gently sloping for machinery
         2. Climate

            Nota:

            • *650-800mm rainfall *Summer temp ^ 15'c *Sunshine to ripen crops
         3. Soil

            Nota:

            • Deep and fertile soil that are easy to work.
         4. Other

            Nota:

            • Near to urban markets and good transport links. Able to use heavy machinery.
   2. Mixed Farming

      Nota:

      • When crops are grown and animals are reared in the same farm
      1. Requirements

         Nota:

         • All of the others above.
   3. Pastoral

      Nota:

      • The raising of animals/livestock
      1. Hill Sheep Farming

         Nota:

         • Kept for meat and wool
         1. Requirements
            1. Climate

               Nota:

               • Can put up with high rainfall (1500mm +), snow and low winter temp.
            2. Relief

               Nota:

               • Sheep are able to graze very steep ground.
            3. Soil

               Nota:

               • Areas of better soil can provide winter feed.
            4. Other

               Nota:

               • Transport and access to markets not so important
      2. Dairy Farming
         1. Requirements
            1. Climate

               Nota:

               • Good grass - * ^ 800mm rain * warm summers * winter temp ^ 6'c
            2. Relief

               Nota:

               • Hilly/ gently sloping
            3. Soil

               Nota:

               • Moisture retaining
            4. Other

               Nota:

               • Near to urban markets and acceasible for milk tankers
      3. Beef Cattle Farming
         1. Requirements
            1. Climate

               Nota:

               • Rough pasture but grass summer for fattening- * ^ 700mm rainfall * warm/mild summers
            2. Relief

               Nota:

               • Hilly/ gently sloping
            3. Soil

               Nota:

               • Poor if not waterlogged
            4. Other

               Nota:

               • Access to urban areas for processing - links to urban markets