Pathophysiology: A chronic disease of
the digestive system that effects the
lower esophageal sphincter (LES)
(Pettit, M, 2005)
Abnormal reflux of gastric
acidic contents into the
esophagus Individual’s
gastric contents causes
complications or lead to
otherwise painful or
problematic symptoms
(Rubenstein & Chen
2014)
* Heartburn
*Epigastric Pain
*Regurgitation
*Retrosternal
Pain and burning
(Pettit, M, 2005)
General Syptoms
Burning sensation on
the (chest heartburn),
chest pain, dysphasia,
dry cough,
regurgitation of food
(acid reflux) and
constant hiccups (Liker,
Hungin &
Wiklund, 2005)
Complications
Esophageal
ulcer (sore in
the esophagus)
(Liker, Hunger &
Wiklund, 2005)
5%
Esophageal
stricture
(formation of
scare tissue)(Liker,
Hunger & Wiklund,
2005)