Case Study 4- Rural to Urban Migration (Caatinga to Sao Paulo)

Where?
1. From Caatinga in Northeast Brazil to Sao Paulo
  1. Up to 25,000 people have migrated
Why?
1. Push Factors:
  1. Low unreliable rainfall
  2. Difficult for farmers to produce enough food to sustain their subsistence way of life
  3. No piped water, electricity or sanitation
  4. Lck of schools and clinics in the area
2. Pull Factors:
  1. Jobs in the cities like Sao Paulo
  2. Better transport
  3. The bright lights and glamour of the city
Positive Effects on the area left behind:
1. More land available
2. Increase in food supplies and QOL
3. Money earned and send back by migrant workers whom help improve facilities and QOL of people left behind
Negative Effects on the area left behind:
1. The most able leave the village so that young people and old people start working which means young people cannot carry on with their education anoymore
2. Negative effect on social activities and recreation
3. Population rates has an major drop

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