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Trigeminal and facial nerve
Descripción
Neurology Mapa Mental sobre Trigeminal and facial nerve, creado por LewisLewis el 06/06/2014.
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neurology
Mapa Mental por
LewisLewis
, actualizado hace más de 1 año
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Creado por
LewisLewis
hace alrededor de 10 años
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Resumen del Recurso
Trigeminal and facial nerve
Trigeminal nerve
Sensory component
3 nuclei
Main sensory nucleus (touch and position)
Spinal nucleus of V (pain and temperature)
Mesencephalic nucleus (proprioception and mechanoception from jaw and teeth)
Motor component
Masticatory muscles
Reflexes
Corneal reflex (blink reflex)
Jaw jerk reflex
If exaggerated, it can be due to pseudobulbar palsy
3 exits
Superior orbital fissure
Foramen rotundum
Foramen ovale
Trigeminal neuralgia
Therapy
Gasserian ganglion ablative technique
Microvascular decompression
Gamma-knife radiosurgery
excruciating lancinating paroxysms in the face
Pathogenesis
compression near the entry zone due to an ectatic vascular loop
Facial nerve
Intracranial branches
Greater petrosal nerve
Nerve to stapedius
Chorda tympani
Extracranial branch
Posterior auricular nerve
Branch to posterior belly of digastric muscle and the stylohyoid muscle
5 major facial branches (in parotid gland)
Bell's palsy
Etiology
Inflammation of the nerve at the geniculate ganglion
-> Compression, ischemia and demyelination of the nerve
viral infections (HSV in young) and vascular damage in elderly, especially diabetic patients
Diagnosis
EMG
MRI
CSF
Therapy
Protect the eye by patching and lubrication
Corticosteroids
Antiviral agents
Consequences
Aberrant reinnervation of muscles and glands
Synkinesis
Aberrant parasympathetic reinnervation
Hemifacial spasms
Causes
Treatment
Botulinum Toxin
Microvascular decompression of VII
Anticonvulsants
sudden onset (1-5 days)
Nuclei
Facial nucleus
Motor
Lower pons
Nucleus solitarius
Superior salivatory nucleus
Parasympathetic efferents to salivary glands
Peripheral VII nerve palsy
Signs
Peripheral vs Central CN VII palsy
Central palsy
Lesion of the corticopontine fibers
Causes
Compressive
Herpes Zoster
Meningitis
Autoimmune diseases
Gullain-Barré
Lyme disease
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