11259441
Description
Flashcards by Oliver Faragher, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Oliver Faragher
about 7 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Hydraulic action | Force of the water removes the material (erosion) |
| Attrition | Rocks and pebbles crash into each other an break up (erosion) |
| Corrasion/Abrasion | Rock carried by the water erode vertically and laterally |
| Solution | Some rocks dissolve and are invisible (erosion) |
| Suspension | Small particles are carried along by the water (transportation) |
| Saltation | Small pebbles hop along the river bed (transportation) |
| Corrosion | Some rocks dissolve in the water (transportation) |
| Traction | Large rocks roll along the river bed (transportation) |
| Freeze Thaw | Water gets into cracks in rock, freezes when the temperature goes below 0 degrees at night. Cracks are forced apart and expand as ice forms. This Diurnal process breaks the rock. |
| Parts + Locations + Definition of river | |
| Upper course | Waterfalls, Shallow, Slow, Large rocks deposited, narrow valley floor, vertical erosion, interlocking spurs, rapids |
| Middle course | Medium speed, gentle sides, wide floor, deposits pebbles and stones, more water as tributaries join, lateral erosion, meanders, valley floor |
| Lower course | Fast, flat sides, very wide floor, sediment deposited, very high discharge, oxbow lakes, floodplains, levees (raised banks) |
| V-Shaped valley formation | vertical erosion, weathering attacks steep sides and breaks them up, gravity and splashing water pulls the material down |
| Waterfall formation | Hard rock on top of soft rock, soft rock eroded by hydraulic action/abrasion, overhand collapses and breaks up, falling boulders/rocks form a plunge pool, water erodes again, gorge formed |
| Meander inner | Slow flowing, pebbles e.t.c deposited, forms a slip-off slope or point bar, rocks and sediment brought by undercurrent from outside bend |
| Meander outer | Fast flowing, high power so deep + lots of erosion, undercuts bank to form river cliff |
| Water speed = | Surface area to sides (friction) - helped by load and depth |
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