Flashcards
Restless Earth
Cards in this deck (32)
- 1Super volcanoColossal volcano that erupts at least 1,000km3 of material
- 2TsunamiA special type of wave where the entire depth of the ocean is set in motion, often by an earthquake which displaces the water above it and creates a huge wave
- 3LaharIf the ash and mud from a volcanic eruption mix with rain water or melting snow, fast moving mudflows are created called lahars.
- 4Pyroclastic flowMixture of hot steam, ash, rock and dust, which rolls down the side of a volcano at high speeds
- 5Magma V lavaMagma is molten rock beneath the earth, it is called lava when it reaches the eaths surface, when it cools it forms rock
- 6CraterCreated after an eruption blows the top off a volcano
- 7Secondary ventsSmaller outlets through which magma escapes
- 8VentMain outlet for magma to escape
- 9Magma chamberA collection of magma inside the earth below the volcano
- 10Hot spotA section of the earths crust where plumes of magma rise, weakening the crust
- 11GeyserA geothermal feature - water erupts into the air under pressure
- 12GeothermalWater that is heated beneath the ground, which comes to the surface in a variety of ways
- 13FissuresExtended openings along a line of weakness that allow magma to escape
- 14CalderaThe huge depression that marks the collapse of the magma chamber
- 15Short term responseAbility to recover immediately after an earthquake, eg. rescuing people, dealing with injuries, providing shelter food+water, dealing with leaking gas and electricity cables
- 16Long term responseDesigning earthquake proof buildings, homes, factories, rebuilding the city, long term loans off other countries to help rebuild, medical facilities
- 17CoreCentre of the earth
- 18MantleContains magma which moves slowly. Convection currents occur here which causes plates to move
- 19CrustOuter layer of the earth. Divided into slabs called tectonic plates
- 20Oceanic crustNewer - less than 200 million years
Denser
Can sink
Can be renewed and destroyed in the mantle - 21Continental CrustOlder - over 200 million
Less dense
Cant sink
Cant be renewed or destroyed in the mantle - 22EarthquakeSudden and violent shaking of the earth, sometimes causing great destruction, as a result of movements within the earths crust
- 23Earth tremorA small earthquake, vibration through the earths crust
- 24After shockA smaller earthquake following the main shock of a large one
- 25Fault lineA line on a rock surface or ground that traces a geological fault
- 26FocusThe point beneath the earths surface where rock breaks under stress and the plates shift
- 27EpicentreThe point on the earths surface directly above the focus of an earthquake
- 28Richter scaleNumerical scale expressing magnitude of an earthquake
- 29SeismometerInstruments that measure movements of the ground, including those of seismic waves generated by earthquakes
- 30SeismographAn instrument that measures and records details of earthquakes such as force and duration
- 31MagnitudeA measure of the amount of energy that is released during an earthquake
- 32The 3 P's policyPredict, prepare, protect
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- GCSE Geography Flashcards on Restless Earth, created by rachibabes101 on 29/05/2013.
- Created by
- rachibabes101 · May 2013
- Updated
- Feb 19, 2016
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