Short notes with picture medicine

Question	Answer
Image: Yuosra (binary/octet-stream)	Toxoplasmosis /transplacental:1 infection via consumption of raw meat or contact with cat feces/hydrocephalus , intracranial calcifications , Chorioretinitis , Ring -enhancing lesion on MRI / SEROLOGICAL test / PYRIMETHAMINE + sulfadiazine/ prevention :- avoid exposure to cat feces during pregnancy aspiramycin , prophylaxis for the third trimester
Image: Strawberry (binary/octet-stream)	strawberry =====>Trichomoniasis
Image: Cystic Fibrosis (binary/octet-stream)	1.Genetic diseases:- CYSTIC FIBROSIS AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE DISORDER
Image: Down Syndrome (binary/octet-stream)	2.Genetic diseases :- Down syndrome Meiotic nondisjunction (95%), robertsonian translocation (4%), or mosaicism (1%) \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\ a flat facial profile, upslanted eyes simian crease, general hypotonia duodenal atresia, Hirschsprung’s disease, congenital heart disease. AV canal (60%); ASDs, VSDs, and PDAs \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\ ↑ risk of acute lymphocytic leukemia (aLL), hypothyroidism, and early-onset alzheimer’s. Image: Down+Syndrome+(Trisomy+21) (binary/octet-stream)
Image: Edwards+Syndrome+(Trisomy+18) (binary/octet-stream)	3.Genetic diseases:- Edwards’ syndrome rocker-bottom feet micrognathia, clenched hands (overlapping fourth and fifth digits) death usually occurs within 1 year of birth.
Image: Patau’S Syndrome Trisomy 13 (binary/octet-stream)	4.Genetic diseases:- Patau’s syndrome Trisomy 13 microphthalmia, microcephaly, cleft lip/palate, holoprosencephaly, “punched-out” scalp lesions, polydactyly, and omphalocele. death usually occurs within 1 year of birth. Image: Patau’S Syndrome Trisomy 13ش (binary/octet-stream)
Image: Klinefelter’S3 (binary/octet-stream)	5.Genetic diseases:- Klinefelter’s syndrome (male)47, XXY Associated with advanced maternal age hypogonadism testicular atrophy tall stature, long extremities, gynecomastia, and female hair distribution Treat with testosterone Image: Klinefelter’S2 (binary/octet-stream)
Image: Turner’S Syndrome (binary/octet-stream)	6.Genetic diseases:-Turner’s syndrome(female) 45, XO The most common cause of 1° amenorrhea; due to ovarian dysgenesis (↓ estrogen). a webbed neck, coarctation of the aorta (↓ femoral pulses) lymphedema of the hands and feet in the neonatal period ---------------------------------------------- Estrogen replacement therapy for ovarian dysgenesis. Image: Turner’S Syndrome2 (binary/octet-stream)
Image: Double Y Males 47, Xyy (binary/octet-stream)	7.Genetic diseases:-Double Y males 47, XYY Phenotypically normal; patients are very tall with severe acne and antisocial behavior (seen in 1–2% of XYY males). Image: D Double Y Males 47, Xyy (binary/octet-stream)
Image: Phenylketonuria (binary/octet-stream)	8.Genetic diseases:-Phenylketonuria (PKU) Autosomal recessive; ↓ phenylalanine hydroxylase or ↓ tetrahydrobiopterin cofactor -------------------------------------- fair hair and skin, eczema, blond hair, blue eyes, and a musty urine odor. ----------------------------------------- Modify diet by decreasing phenylalanine (artificial sweeteners) and increasing tyrosine. ------------------------------------------- Image: Phenylketonuria A (binary/octet-stream)
Image: Fragile X Syndrome (binary/octet-stream)	9.Genetic diseases:- Fragile X syndrome An X-linked dominant defect affecting the methylation and expression of the FMR1 gene ----------------------------------------------------- Image: Fragile X Syndrome2 (binary/octet-stream)
Image: 1285 (binary/octet-stream)	Yoga
Image: Fat Soluble Vitamin Deficiency (binary/octet-stream)	fat-soluble vitamin deficiency Image: Fat Soluble Vitamin Deficiency2 (binary/octet-stream)
vitamin deficiency	vitamin deficiency
Image: Fabry’S Disease (binary/octet-stream)	1.Lysosomal storage diseases :-Fabry’s disease \ X-linked recessive. ----------------------------------------------------- Caused by a deficiency of α-galactosidase A ------------------------------------------------------
Image: Krabbe’S Disease 2 (binary/octet-stream)	2.Lysosomal storage diseases :-Krabbe’s disease \ Autosomal recessive.\ death within the first 3 years of life. ---------------------------------------------- Absence of galactosylceramide and galactoside (due to galactosylceramidase deficiency), leading to the accumulation of galactocerebroside in the brain ----------------------------------------------------- progressive cNs degeneration, optic atrophy, spasticity, and death within the first 3 years of life. Image: Krabbe’S Disease (binary/octet-stream)
Image: Gaucher’S Disease (binary/octet-stream)	3.Lysosomal storagediseases :-Gaucher’s disease \ Autosomalrecessive.\deficiency of glucocerebrosidase ---------------------------------------- crinkled paper anemia and thrombocytopenia. Image: Gaucher’S Disease2 (binary/octet-stream)
Image: Niemann Pick3 (binary/octet-stream)	4.Lysosomal storagediseases :-Niemann-Pick disease \ Autosomalrecessive.\ A die by age 3. ----------------------------------------------------- deficiency of sphingomyelinase ------------------------------------------------------ cherry-red spot and hepatosplenomegaly . ---------------------------------------------------- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_jaJpWBhvnY Image: Niemann Pick (binary/octet-stream)
Image: Tay Sachs Disease (binary/octet-stream)	5.Lysosomal storagediseases :-Tay-Sachs disease\tay-saX lacks heXosaminidase.\ Death occurs by age 3. -------------------------------------------------cherry-red spot but no hepatosplenomegaly. Image: Tay Sachs Disease2 (binary/octet-stream)
Image: Metachromatic Leukodystrophy (binary/octet-stream)	6.Lysosomalstoragediseases :-Metachromatic leukodystrophy\ Autosomal recessive.\A deficiency of arylsulfatase --------------------------------------------------------- A that leads to the accumulation of sulfatide in the brain, kidney, liver, and peripheral nerves. demyelination leads to progressive ataxia and dementia. Image: Metachromatic Leukodystrophy2 (binary/octet-stream)
Image: Hurler’S Syndrome2 (binary/octet-stream)	7.Lysosomalstoragediseases :- Hurler’s syndrome\ Autosomal recessive.\A deficiency of α-L-iduronidase ----------------------------------------------- corneal clouding, mental retardation, and gargoylism Image: Hurler’S Syndrome (binary/octet-stream)
Image: Hunter’S Syndrome (binary/octet-stream)	8.Lysosomalstoragediseases :- Hunter’s syndrome \X-linked recessive. Hunters need to see (no corneal clouding) to aim for the X.\A deficiency of iduronate sulfatase.\ ------------------------------------------------ A mild form of Hurler’s syndrome with no corneal clouding and mild mental retardation
b-C eLL d isorders	b-C eLL d isorders
Image: B C E Ll D Isorders S (binary/octet-stream)	b-C eLL d isorders Image: B C E Ll D Isorders (binary/octet-stream)
Image: T C E Ll D Isorders (binary/octet-stream)	t-C eLL d isorders
Image: C O Mbined D Isorders (binary/octet-stream)	C oMbined d isorders
Image: P H Ago Cyti C D Isorders (binary/octet-stream)	p hAgoCytiC d isorders
Image: P H Ago Cyti C D Isorders2 (binary/octet-stream)	p hAgoCytiC d isorders
Image: C O Mp Le Ment D Isorders (binary/octet-stream)	C oMpLeMent d isorders
Image: Racon Eye (binary/octet-stream)	Racone eye =>base skull fracture

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	Created by Masar Algurapi almost 7 years ago