12545172
Description
Flashcards by Kayla Hopkins, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Kayla Hopkins
almost 7 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| The Law of Thermodynamics | ISCI 2002 (Dr. Finney) |
| Thermodynamics | Movement of heat |
| First Law of Thermodynamics | - when heat flows to or from a system, the system gains of loses an amount of heat equal to the amount of heat transferred -more specifically, heat added=increase internal energy+external work done by the system -energy can neither be created nor destroyed |
| Second Law of Thermodynamics | -restates direction of heat flow heat never spontaneously flows from a cold substance to a hot substance {heat can only flow from cold to hot when work is done on the system or by adding energy from another source} |
| Third Law of Thermodynamics | No system can reach absolute zero {absolute zero is a measurement of movement} |
| Specific Heat | -defined as the quantity of heat required to change the temp of unit mass of a substance by 1 ° |
| Specific Heat formula {aka the amount of heat necessary to change the temperature of a given substance} | Formula: H=mcΔT __________________________________ H- amount of heat to change temperature m-mass c-specific heat ΔT- change in temperature |
| Specific Heat | -the greater the specific heat of a substance, the greater is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a unit of mass -put another way, the greater the specific heat of a substance the greater its capacity to store more heat energy -water has a very high heat capacity, therefore it can store large amounts of heat -units are J/kg °C or Kcal/Kg°C -substances have their own specific heat capacity |
| Thermal Expansion | -due to the rise in temperature of a substance: molecules jiggle faster and move farther apart -most substances expand when heated, and contract when cooled |
| Expansion of Water | -water expands when it turns into ice. Ice has open-structured crystals resulting from strong bonds at certain angles that increases its volume. This makes ice less dense than water. -water is between 0°C and 4°C {it doesnt expand w temperature, as temperature of 0°C water rises, contraction occurs due to melting of ice crystals in water, contraction of water continues until 4°C} |
| Water & Ice application | as water cools in winter, it becomes more dense and sinks (sinking continues) |
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