ECG Revision- PMU

Question	Answer
What is an ECG?	Electrocardiogram - a graphical representation of the electrical activity of the heart
What is sinus rhythm?	Rhythm arising from the SA node
What causes upward and downward deflections on an ECG?	The direction of the current in relation to that electrode. Upwards = current flowing TOWARDS electrode
In which general direction do electrical waves in the heart travel?	Image: free-vector-aiga-symbol-signs-clip-art_110671_Aiga_symbol_signs_clip_art_hight (image/png)
How many electrodes does a 12 lead ECG have?	10
Where are the limb leads placed?	Right arm, Left arm, Right ankle, Left ankle
Which leads derive from the limb leads?	Leads I,II,III and aVR, aVL, aVF
What is lead I?	Current from RA to LA
What is lead II?	Current from RA to LL
What is lead III?	Current from LA to LL
What does the 4th limb lead (RL) do then?	Acts as the 'ground' to give machine an idea of 0
How is aVR derived?	Compares RA to lead III
How is aVL derived?	compares LA with lead II
How is aVF derived?	compares LL to lead I
How many chest leads are there?	6
How are these different to the limb leads?	They are unipolar, so they measure current moving towards and away from themselves, not between 2 electrodes.
Where is V1 placed?	Right sternal edge, 4th ICS
Where is V2 placed?	Left sternal edge, 4th ICS
Where is V3 placed?	between V2 and V4
Where is V4 placed	Around apex beat, midclavicular line, 5th ICS
Where is V5 placed?	horizontal with V4, left anterior axillary line
Where is V6 placed?	Mid-axillary line, horizontal with V4+5
How do you calculate the HR from an ECG?	Count the number of squares between 2 QRS complexes.
What does each small square (horizontally) represent?	40msecs. 1500/no. of small squares = HR
Image: First Degree Av Block (binary/octet-stream)	First Degree AV Block
Image: 2nd Deg Type 1 Av Block (binary/octet-stream)	2nd Degree AV Block- Type 1 (Wenkebach)
Image: 2nd Deg Type 2 Av Block (binary/octet-stream)	2nd Degree AV Block- Type 2 (Mobitz II)
Image: 3 Rd Degree Av Block (binary/octet-stream)	3rd Degree AV Block
Image: Atrial Fibrillation Ecg (binary/octet-stream)	Atrial Fibrillation
Image: Atrial Flutter (binary/octet-stream)	Atrial Flutter

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	Created by Hannah Tribe over 10 years ago

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