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Blood MCQs Physiology PMU 2nd Year

Description

Blood MCQs
Med Student
Quiz by Med Student , updated more than 1 year ago
Med Student
Created by Med Student about 8 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
Blood clotting:
Answer
  • requires Ca2+
  • is promoted by erythrocytes
  • defects usually prolong the bleeding time
  • is initiated by tissue tromboplastin in the intrinsic coagulation pathway
  • is decreased by platelets

Question 2

Question
B-lymphocytes:
Answer
  • secrete circulating antibodies
  • carry antigen receptors on their surface
  • secrete antigens
  • secrete IGF-1
  • secrete fibrinogen

Question 3

Question
Red blood cells:
Answer
  • measure 15 mm in diameter
  • do not contain mitochondria
  • have a life span in circulation of 30 days
  • are released from the bone marrow as mature cells
  • contain nucleus

Question 4

Question
The following is true about the ABO and Rh systems
Answer
  • A person of group O is a universal recipient
  • A person who is group AB has anti-A and anti-B antibodies
  • The presence of D antigen means that the subject is Rh(+)
  • Rh antibodies occur naturally
  • The person of group A has anti-A antibodies

Question 5

Question
Which of the following helps in blood clotting?
Answer
  • Vit. B1
  • Vit. B2
  • Vit. D
  • Vit. K
  • Vit. B6

Question 6

Question
The function of hemoglobin is:
Answer
  • Transport of oxygen
  • Destruction of bacteria
  • Prevention of anaemia
  • Utilization of energy
  • Transport of CO

Question 7

Question
Which of the following substances is an anticoagulant?
Answer
  • Ca2+
  • Heparin
  • Fibrinogen
  • Albumin
  • Gamma-Globulins

Question 8

Question
What are the agglutinins?
Answer
  • antibodies
  • antigens
  • beta-globulins
  • amino acids
  • lipids

Question 9

Question
Which of the following substance influences indirectly blood clotting?
Answer
  • calcium ions
  • vit. K and vit. C
  • vit. B6 and vit. K
  • mineralocorticoids
  • renin

Question 10

Question
For which of the following cells phagocytosis is not typical?
Answer
  • neurotrophins
  • plasmocytes
  • monocytes
  • eosinophils
  • macrophages

Question 11

Question
Normal (physiological) hemolysis takes place:
Answer
  • inside the heart
  • inside the spleen and liver
  • inside the kidneys
  • inside the big blood vessels
  • inside the bone marrow

Question 12

Question
Which of the following are functions of the blood?
Answer
  • transport
  • regulation
  • protection
  • temperature regulation
  • all of the above

Question 13

Question
The blood volume of an average size male is:
Answer
  • 3 to 4 liters
  • 4 to 5 liters
  • 5 to 6 liters
  • 6 to 7 liters
  • 7 to 9 liters

Question 14

Question
The blood volume is:
Answer
  • 10-12% of body weight
  • 10l
  • 6-8% of body weight
  • 5l
  • 3-5% of body weight

Question 15

Question
The effects on plasma volume of 500 ml blood loss are neutralized within:
Answer
  • 1-2 hours
  • 8-10 hours
  • 24 hours
  • one week
  • one month

Question 16

Question
Antithrombin III affects which coagulation factor?
Answer
  • XIIa
  • Xa
  • IIa
  • IXa
  • all of the above

Question 17

Question
Vitamin K neutralizes:
Answer
  • factor 5
  • heparin
  • antithrombin 3
  • plasminogen
  • none of the above

Question 18

Question
Platelet activation will not occur without:
Answer
  • Ca2+
  • Vessel wall damage
  • Von Willebrand factor
  • Fibrinogen
  • Serotonin

Question 19

Question
Complement activation requires:
Answer
  • antigen-antibody complex
  • opsonization of bacteria
  • helper T-Cells
  • previous exposure to antigen
  • plasma proteins

Question 20

Question
For a T-cell to recognize a foreign antigen:
Answer
  • opsonization
  • the antigen presenting cell identifies the antigen
  • needs T-helper cells
  • prior exposure to antigen required
  • none of the above

Question 21

Question
Hemoglobin contains:
Answer
  • one protoporphyrin ring and four ferrous ions
  • four protoporphyrin ring and one ferrous ion
  • four protoporphyrin rings and four ferrous ions
  • one protoporphyrin ring and one ferrous ion
  • none of the above

Question 22

Question
Which blood component plays the biggest role in maintaining the osmotic pressure of blood?
Answer
  • albumin
  • carbon dioxide
  • white blood cells
  • fibrinogen
  • globulins

Question 23

Question
In a normal blood sample, which of the following cells will be the most abundant?
Answer
  • neutrophils
  • basophiles
  • eosinophiles
  • monocytes
  • lymphocytes

Question 24

Question
An antigen:
Answer
  • A chemical messenger that is released by virus infected cells
  • A lymphocyte responsible for cell-mediated immunity
  • Something that coats the inside of lungs, causing infection
  • A protein or other molecule that is recognized as non-self
  • A thick yellow-white fluid

Question 25

Question
Where is the site of maturation for a B-cell?
Answer
  • thymus
  • bone marrow
  • pancreas
  • cortex
  • spleen

Question 26

Question
Nonspecific resistance is:
Answer
  • the body's ability to ward off diseases
  • the body's defenses against any kind of pathogen
  • the body's defense against a particular pathogen
  • the lack of resistance
  • none of the above

Question 27

Question
Which gland shrinks in size during adulthood, and has hormones that function in the maturation of T-lymphocytes:
Answer
  • lymph nodes
  • thymus
  • spleen
  • pineal gland
  • tonsils

Question 28

Question
The rate of erythrocyte sedimentation is increased when:
Answer
  • the plasma albumin fraction is increased
  • fibrinogen in the blood is decreased
  • the plasma globulin fraction is decreased
  • the plasma globulin fraction is increased
  • lack of erythropoietin

Question 29

Question
Agglutinins are found in:
Answer
  • the erythrocytes membrane
  • the leukocytes
  • the plasma
  • the platelets
  • all of the above

Question 30

Question
γ-globulins are related to:
Answer
  • Humoral Immunity
  • Blood Coagulation
  • Transport of gases by the blood
  • Erythropoiesis
  • Cellular Immunity

Question 31

Question
Oxyhemoglobin is a compound of:
Answer
  • hemoglobin and 02
  • hemoglobin and CO2
  • hemoglobin and Fe2+
  • hemoglobin and CO
  • hemoglobin and N

Question 32

Question
The amount of plasma proteins is:
Answer
  • 135-145 mmol.1-1
  • 140-160 g.1-1
  • 55-85 g.1-1
  • 2.8-5.6 mmol.1-1
  • 0.40-0.50 1.1-1

Question 33

Question
The plasma of blood type AB contains:
Answer
  • anti-A agglutinins
  • anti-B agglutinins
  • anti-A and anti-B agglutinins
  • no agglutinins
  • agglutinogens A and B

Question 34

Question
Osmotic hemolysis is due to:
Answer
  • water hypotonic solution entering the erythrocytes
  • destruction of the erythrocyte membrane by chemicals
  • fibrinolysis
  • formation of carbaminohemoglobin
  • transformation of fibrinogen into fibrin

Question 35

Question
Hypervolemia is:
Answer
  • increased blood volume
  • decreased blood volume
  • increased blood cholesterol
  • increased plasma proteins
  • increased blood pressure

Question 36

Question
Leucopenia is:
Answer
  • increased number of leukocytes
  • increased number of platelets
  • decreased number of leucocytes
  • increased number of erythrocytes
  • decreased number of platelets

Question 37

Question
When AB(0) blood is transfused to a recipient of blood type 0 (anti-A, anti-B):
Answer
  • the limit of the blood transfused is up to 300 ml
  • the transfused amount is unlimited
  • transfusion is forbidden
  • transfusion of plasma is the only possibility
  • possible only once in a lifetime

Question 38

Question
Sodium citrate stops coagulation by:
Answer
  • blocking fibrinogen
  • reacting with Ca2+
  • massive fibrinolysis
  • destruction of platelets
  • blocking Vit. K

Question 39

Question
The normal erythrocyte count is:
Answer
  • 140-160.10^9.1-1
  • 4-5.2.10^12.1-1
  • 4-11.10^9.1-1
  • 200-400.10^9.1-1
  • 0.40-0.50 1.1-1

Question 40

Question
Leucocytosis is:
Answer
  • increased number of leukocytes
  • increased number of platelet
  • decreased number of leucocytes
  • increased number of erythrocytes
  • increased percentage of neutrophils

Question 41

Question
Platelets take part in:
Answer
  • the immune defense
  • the transport of gases in blood
  • homeostasis
  • renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
  • all of the above

Question 42

Question
The normal values of hemoglobin are:
Answer
  • 4-5.5.10^12.1-1
  • 135-145 mmol.1-1
  • 140-160 g.1-1
  • 2.8-5.6 mmol.1-1
  • 140-160 g%

Question 43

Question
Of major significance for maintaining the blood oncotic pressure is:
Answer
  • the number of erythrocytes
  • the plasma globulin fraction
  • the leukocyte count
  • the plasma albumin fraction
  • the plasmafibrinogen

Question 44

Question
The red color of blood is due to:
Answer
  • The plasma cholesterol
  • The plasma albumin fraction
  • Ca2+ and K+ in plasma
  • The granules in the leucocytes
  • The hemoglobin in the erythrocytes

Question 45

Question
The normal blood platelet count is:
Answer
  • 4-11.10^9.1-1
  • 4.4-5.2 10^12.1-1
  • 60-90.10^12.1-1
  • 200-400.10^9.1-1
  • 200-400.10^12.1-1

Question 46

Question
Fibrinolysis is:
Answer
  • Formation of the white plug
  • Formation of the red plug
  • Fibrin clot destruction
  • Viscose metamorphosis of the platelets
  • Destruction of adrenal medulla

Question 47

Question
When blood is transfused from 0(anti-A, anti-B) donor to AB(0) recipient:
Answer
  • the amount is up to 500 ml
  • the amount is unlimited
  • transfusion is impossible
  • only plasma may be transfused
  • only once in a lifetime

Question 48

Question
The osmotic fragility is determined by the use of:
Answer
  • Hypotonic solution of NaCl
  • Hypertonic solution of NaCl
  • HCl
  • NaOH
  • Celloscope

Question 49

Question
Heparin is:
Answer
  • a factor transforming prothrombin into thrombin
  • platelet factor 8
  • endogenic anticoagulant
  • exogenic anticoagulant
  • pancreatic enzyme

Question 50

Question
The plasma protein fraction of major significance for coagulation is:
Answer
  • albumin
  • globulin
  • fibrinogen
  • γ-globulin
  • globulin and albumin

Question 51

Question
The normal range of the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (Westergren) is:
Answer
  • 2.4-2.6 mmol.1-1
  • 140-160 g.1-1
  • 1st hour: men- 3-8 mm; women- 5-10 mm
  • 0.55-1.48 g.1-1
  • 0.40-0.50 1.1-1

Question 52

Question
Of major significance for the erythrocyte sedimentation rate is:
Answer
  • the leukocyte count
  • the albumin/globulin ratio
  • total blood cholesterol
  • the platelet count
  • the leukocytes ratio (%)

Question 53

Question
The normal leukocyte count is:
Answer
  • 200-400.10^9.1-1
  • 4.0-11.10^9.1-1
  • 4.5-5.2.10^12.1-1
  • 60-90.10^9.1-1
  • 20-40% of all blood cells

Question 54

Question
Fe2+ ions are necessary for:
Answer
  • the production of fibrinogen
  • erythropoiesis
  • the formation of leukocytes
  • the formation of platelets
  • the synthesis of thyreocalcitonin

Question 55

Question
The percentage of Rh(+) people is:
Answer
  • 15%
  • 85%
  • 50%
  • 30%
  • 15% of pregnant women

Question 56

Question
The normal hematocrit range in men is:
Answer
  • 0.40-0.50 1.1-1
  • 2.4-2.6 mnol.1-1
  • 0.55-1.48 mmol.1-1
  • 140 - 160 g.1-1
  • 4.5-5.5.10^12.1-1

Question 57

Question
Hematocrit measures the percentage of:
Answer
  • white blood cells
  • plasma
  • platelets
  • red blood cells
  • serum proteins

Question 58

Question
To prevent blood loss after a tissue injury, blood vessels first:
Answer
  • form a platelet plug
  • form a clot
  • initiate the coagulation cascade
  • constrict and form barriers
  • dilate

Question 59

Question
A foreign substance, usually a protein, that stimulates the immune system to react by producing antibodies is called:
Answer
  • allergen
  • antigen
  • histamine
  • mast cell
  • interferon

Question 60

Question
When neutrophils and macrophages squeeze out of capillaries to fight off infection, it is called:
Answer
  • phagocytosis
  • hemolysis
  • interleukin
  • diapedesis
  • folliculitis

Question 61

Question
Each of the following is a component of plasma except:
Answer
  • water
  • proteins
  • formed elements
  • nutrients
  • salts

Question 62

Question
Extracellular fluid in adults differs from intracellular fluid in that its:
Answer
  • volume is greater
  • tonicity is lower
  • Na+ concentration is lower
  • sodium: potassium molar ratio is higher
  • pH is lower

Question 63

Question
Total body water, expressed as a percentage of body weight:
Answer
  • can be measured with an indicator dilution technique to deuterium oxide
  • is smaller on average in women than in men
  • rises following injection of posterior pituitary extracts
  • is less than 80 per cent in young adults
  • all of the above

Question 64

Question
Breakdown of erythrocytes in the body:
Answer
  • occurs when they are 6-8 weeks old
  • is named erythropoiesis
  • yields iron, most of which is excreted in the urine
  • yields bilirubin which is carried by plasma protein to the liver
  • is required for the synthesis of bile salts

Question 65

Question
A person with group A blood
Answer
  • has anti-A antibody in the plasma
  • may have the genotype AB
  • may have a parent with group O blood
  • may have children with group A or group O blood only
  • whose partner is also A can only have children of group A

Question 66

Question
Blood platelets are:
Answer
  • releasing factors promoting blood clotting
  • adhering together to form plugs when exposed to collagen
  • 200-400.10^9.1^-1
  • releasing factors causing vasoconstriction
  • all of the above

Question 67

Question
Plasma bilirubin:
Answer
  • is a steroid pigment
  • is converted to biliverdin in the liver
  • does not normally cross cerebral capillary walls
  • is freely filtered in the renal glomerulus
  • has red colour

Question 68

Question
Monocytes:
Answer
  • originate from precursor cells in lymph nodes
  • can Increase in number when their parent cells are stimulated by factors released from activated lymphocytes
  • unlike granulocytes, do not migrate across capillary walls
  • take part in homeostasis
  • manufacture immunoglobulin M

Question 69

Question
Erythrocytes:
Answer
  • are responsible for the major part of blood viscosity
  • contain the enzyme carbonic anhydrase
  • metabolize glucose to produce CO2 and H2O
  • carry 02 and CO2
  • all of the above

Question 70

Question
Human plasma albumin:
Answer
  • contributes more to plasma colloid osmotic pressure than globulin
  • can not filter freely at the glomerulus
  • is negatively charged at the normal pH of blood
  • carries sex hormones in blood
  • all of the above

Question 71

Question
Neutrophil granulocytes:
Answer
  • are the most common leukocyte in normal blood
  • contain proteolytic enzymes
  • contain actin and myosin microfilaments
  • are present in high concentration in pus
  • all of the above

Question 72

Question
Bleeding from a small cut in the skin:
Answer
  • is normally diminished by local vascular spasm
  • ceases within about five minutes in normal people
  • is greater from warm skin than from cold skin
  • is reduced if the affected limb is elevated
  • all of the above

Question 73

Question
Circulating red blood cells:
Answer
  • are about 1 per cent nucleated
  • take part in immunity
  • are distributed evenly across the blood stream in large blood vessels
  • deform as they pass through the capillaries
  • travel at slower velocity in venules than in capillaries

Question 74

Question
Lymphocytes:
Answer
  • are motile
  • can transform into plasma cells
  • increase in number during infection
  • decrease in number during immunosuppressive drug therapy
  • all of the above

Question 75

Question
Blood:
Answer
  • makes up about 3% of body weight
  • forms a higher percentage of body weight in fat than in thin people
  • squeezes out serum when it clots
  • volume can be calculated by multiplying plasma volume by the haematocrit (expressed as a percentage)
  • volume rises after diuretic is taken

Question 76

Question
The pH:
Answer
  • of arterial blood normally ranges from 7.2 to 7.6
  • units express [H+] in moles/litre
  • of blood is directly proportional to the pCO2
  • of blood is directly proportional to [HCO3-]
  • of arterial blood is lower than venous blood

Question 77

Question
Blood eosinophils:
Answer
  • have agranular cytoplasm
  • are about a quarter of all leukocytes
  • are relatively abundant in the mucosa of the respiratory, urinary and alimentary tracts
  • are 50-70% of all leukocytes
  • increase in number in viral infections

Question 78

Question
Lymph:
Answer
  • doesn't contain plasma proteins
  • vessels are involved in the absorption of amino acids from the intestine
  • production decreases during muscular activity
  • does not normally contain cells
  • flow is aided by contraction of adjacent skeletal muscles

Question 79

Question
Blood platelets:
Answer
  • are formed in the bone marrow
  • are normally more numerous than white cells
  • increase in number after injury and surgery
  • alter shape when in contact with collagen
  • all of the above

Question 80

Question
An appropriate dilution indicator for measuring:
Answer
  • total body water is sucrose
  • plasma volume is radioactive sodium
  • extracellular fluid volume is inulin
  • intracellular fluid volume directly is heavy water (deuterium oxide)
  • total body water is radioactive iodine

Question 81

Question
Excessive tissue fluid (oedema) in the legs may:
Answer
  • be associated with a raised extracellular fluid volume
  • result from hepatic disease
  • result from blockage of pelvic lymphatics
  • increase local interstitial thud pressure
  • all of the above

Question 82

Question
Haemolytic disease of the new born:
Answer
  • can be prevented by injecting the mother with anti-D agglutinins just after delivery
  • affects mainly babies of Rh-positive mothers
  • occurs mainly in babies who lack D agglutinogen
  • causes jaundice which clears rapidly alter birth
  • can be treated by transfusing the affected baby with Rh-positive blood

Question 83

Question
Patients with moderate to severe anaemia have a reduced:
Answer
  • cardiac output
  • incidence of vascular bruits
  • 2:3-diphosphoglycerate blood level
  • arterial pO2
  • capacity to raise oxygen consumption in exercise

Question 84

Question
Iron deficiency:
Answer
  • frequently follows persistent loss of blood from the body
  • is more common in men than in women
  • may cause anaemia by inhibiting the rate of multiplication of RBC stem cells
  • may cause large pale erythrocytes to appear in peripheral blood
  • anaemia should normally be treated by injections of iron

Question 85

Question
Severe reactions are likely after transfusion of blood group:
Answer
  • A to a group B person
  • O to a group AB person
  • O to a group A person
  • A to a group AB person
  • O Rh- negative to a group AB Rh-positive person

Question 86

Question
The haematocrit (packed cell volume):
Answer
  • may be obtained by centrifugation of blood donation
  • may be calculated by multiplying the mean cell volume by the red cell count
  • rises in a patient who sustains widespread burns
  • rises following vomiting
  • all of the above

Question 87

Question
Red cell formation is increased:
Answer
  • in blood donors one week after a blood donation
  • in patients with haemolytic anaemia
  • by giving injections of erythropoietin to nephrectomized patients
  • in patients who have a raised blood reticulocyte count
  • all of the above

Question 88

Question
Respiratory alkalosis differs from metabolic alkalosis in that the:
Answer
  • patient has hyperventilation
  • arterial blood [HCO3-] is normal or low
  • arterial blood pCO2 is reduced
  • reduction in cerebral blood flow is greater
  • all of the above

Question 89

Question
Red blood cells would swell in which type of solution?
Answer
  • hypotonic
  • isotonic
  • hypertonic
  • hydrophilic
  • lipophilic

Question 90

Question
The most abundant type of protein in plasma is:
Answer
  • insulin
  • globulin
  • albumin
  • glycogen
  • fibrinogen

Question 91

Question
The number of oxygen molecules carried by one Hb molecule:
Answer
  • 1
  • 2
  • 4
  • 8
  • 3

Question 92

Question
Majority of clotting factors are produced in:
Answer
  • liver
  • kidney
  • heart
  • brain
  • muscle

Question 93

Question
Cellular immunity is due to:
Answer
  • B lymphocytes
  • T lymphocytes
  • neutrophils
  • eosinophils
  • erythrocytes

Question 94

Question
Action of plasmin is:
Answer
  • to remove calcium
  • antithrombin action
  • to stimulate heparin
  • to degenerate fibrin
  • to produce plug

Question 95

Question
Which is the most rare blood group:
Answer
  • A Rh+
  • AB Rh+
  • AB Rh-
  • B Rh-
  • O Rh+

Question 96

Question
Hematocrit of 45% means that in the sample of blood analysed:
Answer
  • 45% Hb is in the plasma
  • 45% of total blood volume is made up of plasma
  • 45% of Hb is in the RBC
  • 45% of the total blood volume is made up of RBC's and WBC's
  • 45% of blood volume is made of Tr

Question 97

Question
Which of the following statements concerning the monocyte is incorrect:
Answer
  • more common in blood than eosinophils and basophils
  • produced in the adult by the bone marrow and lymph nodes
  • unlike neutrophil does not accumulate outside circulation in area of inflammation
  • not classified as a granulocyte
  • 28% of differential blood count
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