12916029
Description
Flashcards by Izzy Noone, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Izzy Noone
over 6 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| When was the storming of the Winter Palace? | 25 October |
| What did the storming of the Winter Palace coincide with? | The opening session of the All-Russian Congress of Soviets |
| What was Lenin's first decree? | Decree on Peace, to end the war |
| When was the first decree issued? | 26 October |
| What did the Decree on Land do? | Acknowledged the transfer of land to the peasants |
| When was the Sovnarkom created? | 27 October |
| What was the purpose of the Sovnarkom? | Created to run the new government. |
| Which party got the majority of the seats? | The Bolsheviks |
| What was the response of the Mensheviks and moderate SRs? | Walked out of the Congress in protest |
| What did Trotsky say to the protesting Mensheviks and SRs? | "You're finished, you pitiful bunch of bankrupts. Get out to where you belong- in the dustbin of history" |
| What happened to civil servants who were striking? | They were arrested and the Civil Service was purged. |
| Who was promoted at this time? | Officials willing to support the Bolsheviks |
| What obstacle did the Bolsheviks face when gathering funds? | The state bank refused to open its vaults. |
| When was armed force used to open the vaults of the State bank? | Late October/ early November |
| When were forces loyal to Kerensky defeated? | 2 November |
| When was the Declaration of the Rights of the Peoples of Russia issued? | 2 November |
| When did Bolsheviks take control of the Kremlin in Moscow? | 3 November |
| How long did it take for the Bolsheviks to take control of the Kremlin in Moscow? | It took a ten day battle. |
| What happened in the Sovnarkom in the second half of November? | Lenin reluctantly allowed 7 left SRs to join the Sovnarkom |
| When did elections to the Constituent Assembly take place? | 25 November |
| What was the outcome of the election? | 53% of the votes went to the SRs. The Bolsheviks only managed 24% |
| What was Lenin's response to the election? | "We must not be deceived by the election figures. Elections prove nothing." |
| How did Lenin try to appeal to key groups? | Established 8 hour day, granted rights to women, self-determination was granted to national minorities, abolition of ranks and titles, management supervision rights to workers. |
| When was the Veshenka established? | December 1917 |
| What was the role of the Veshenka? | It was the Council of the National Economy. It was established to supervise and control economic development. |
| What happened to anti-Bolshevik newspapers? | They were closed down. |
| What happened to leading Kadets, right SRs, and Mensheviks? | Rounded up and imprisoned. |
| When was the Cheka set up? | December 1917. |
| When did peace talks with Germany open? | December 1917 |
| How did the Bolsheviks differ in their attitudes to peace? | Lenin: peace at any price Trotsky: drag out the talks until communist revolution engulfs Germany Bukharin: fight on to defend socialist Russia against imperialist Germany |
| What had been achieved by the end of 1917? | Bolsheviks controlled most of the major towns and cities in Russia. |
| When was the Constituent Assembly closed? | January 1918 |
| What happened to demonstrating civilians? | They were fired upon and 12 were killed. |
| How did Lenin justify the closure of the CA? | It was a bourgeois institution that did not truly represent the proletariat |
| What replaced the Red Guard in January 1918? | The Red Army |
| Who was made head of the Red Army in March? | Trotsky |
| When was the Gregorian calendar adopted? | February 1918 |
| When was the Treaty of Brest Litovsk signed? | 3 March 1918 |
| Give some terms of the Treaty of Brest Litovsk | Russia lost: -62 million people -26% of railway lines -74% of iron ore and coal - 3 billion roubles in reparations |
| What happened in the Sovnarkom as a result? | The left SRs walked out, leaving Russia to be a one party state |
| What new title did the Bolsheviks decide on? | Communists |
| Where was the capital transferred to? | Moscow |
| What did the Decrees on the Church do? | Turned Russia into a secular state. Church lands were nationalised and marriage & divorce were removed from Church control. |
| What happened to the clergy? | They became disenfranchised and some were drafted into the Red Army. Some bishops were imprisoned. |
| Who was the vote reserved for? | The toiling masses. Exploiting classes were excluded from the vote and from holding public office. |
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