13941899
Description
Flashcards by Lucy Crowe, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Lucy Crowe
over 6 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| How is a message via the Nervous system sent? | Electrical Impulses that travel through the nerves. |
| How is a message via the Endocrine system sent? | Chemical hormones that travel through the bloodstream. |
| What is the speed a nervous system message is sent? | Very fast |
| What is the speed a Endocrine system message is sent? | Slower |
| How long do the effects last of a nervous system? | Short term |
| How long do the effects last of a endocrine system? | Long term |
| How does the endocrine system work? | The glands of the endocrine system produce hormones that secrete into the bloodstream. |
| What glands are used in the endocrine system? | Pancreas, adrenal glands on kidneys and ovaries. |
| What is insulin? | It is hormone produced to lower blood sugar. |
| What is glycogen? | It is stored glucose (in the liver). |
| What is glucagon? | A hormone that is released to turn glycogen back into glucose. |
| Where are the adrenal glands? | On the kidney. |
| What does the 'fight or flight' hormone produce. | Adrenaline, with increases heart rate, amount of O2 getting to brain and muscles. |
| What is homeostasis? | It translates to 'same level.' It is a change that causes a reaction that maintains a constant internal envoirment. |
| What is stimuli and what are some examples of it? | A change that causes a reaction ( eg. low blood sugar trigger glucagon production, high body temps trigger sweating etc.) |
| What is set point? | The ideal level for something in out body. |
| What is the human body's temp set point? | 37° |
| What is negative feedback? | Negative Feedback is anything that our body does to return back to the set point. |
| What is positive feedback? | It is very dangerous, its when your body increases the stimulus to go further away from our set point. (eg. when you are sick you get hotter to burn out the bacteria.) |
| What is the nervous system made up of? | The Central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system. |
| What does the Central nervous system include? | Brain and spinal cord. |
| What does the peripheral nervous system include? | All the nerves that branch of the CNS. |
| What are nerve cells called? | Neurons |
| What are the 3 types of neurons? | Sensory neurons, Interneurons and Motor neurons. |
| What is the Sensory neurons? | They receive information from a sensory receptor (eg. light receptor in eye or thermoreceptor in skin.) |
| What are the interneurons? | In between sensory and motor neurons, they are the linking neurons in the spinal cord. |
| What are motorneurons? | They cause movement by triggering muscles. |
| What is the order of how we respond to a stimulus? | Sensory receptor - Sensory neuron - Interneuron - Brain - Motor neuron - movement |
| What is a reflex arc? | In a dangerous situation, our body does not have time to send a message to the brain so it bypasses this step and sends a message to the brain after we have moved. |
| What are Chemoreceptors? | They are sensitive to chemicals, such as odour molecules in the air, and are located in the nose and tongue. |
| What are Mechanoreceptors? | They are sensitive to touch, pressure, sound and motion and are located in the skin, the inner ear and muscles. |
| What are Pain receptors? | They are sensitive to chemical changes in damaged cells and are located throughout the body, but most are located in the skin. |
| What are Thermoreceptors? | They are sensitive to temperature changes and are located in the skin. |
| What are Photoreceptors? | They are sensitive to light and are located in the eyes. |
| What is the brain stems function? | It relays messages to and from the brain. |
| What are the Cerebellums functions? | Also known as 'little brain,' It stores your skills, and co-ordinates your movements. |
| What are the Cerebrums functions? | It is also known as 'thinking brain,' it does all our thinking and perception. |
| What is the first function of the brain? | it keeps the body in balance; constant heart rate, body temperature and sleep pattern |
| What is the second function of the brain? | it processes information and responds accordingly. |
| What is the third function of the brain? | It has abstract ideas, humour, imagination, dreams, perception. |
| What are neurotransmitters? | Neurotransmitters is a chemical messenger which transmits signals across a chemical synapse. |
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