736402
Description
Flashcards by x_clairey_x, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by x_clairey_x
over 10 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Where do metals come from? | Metals are found in the Earth's crust, most metals are found in their ores |
| Why don't we find gold in an ore? | Because it is unreactive and won't react with chemicals around it |
| Which metal oxides can we use carbon to extract the metal from? | Metal oxides where the metal is below carbon in the reactivity series |
| Which metals cannot be extracted using carbon? | Metals above carbon in the reactivity series |
| How do we extract iron from iron ore? | By reducing it using carbon in a blast furnace |
| Why is pure iron not very useful? | It is too soft |
| What are alloys? | A mixture of different metals usually put together to make the metal stronger |
| What are the important examples of steels? | -Low carbon steels, which are easily shaped -High carbon steels which are very hard -Stainless steels which are resistant to corrosion |
| Why are aluminium and titanium so useful? | They are stainless steels and therefore can resist corrosion |
| What method is used to extract metals that are more reactive than carbon? | Electrolysis |
| Why are aluminium and titanium so expensive to extract? | Because electrolysis has many stages and requires large amounts of energy |
| How is copper obtained from copper-rich ores? | Smelting (roasting), where you heat the copper in a furnace with air to produce crude copper |
| What methods can be used to obtain copper from low-grade ores? | Bioleaching, where bacteria feed on the ores or Phytomining, where plants like broccoli absorb the copper and can then be burnt to leave you with just the copper. |
| How is copper purified? | By electrolysis |
| What are transition metals? | Metals found in the middle block of the periodic table |
| Why are transition metals so useful? | They are good conductors of electricity and energy, they are strong but can be bent or hammered into useful shapes |
| Why is copper such a useful metal? | It can be bent but is still strong, it does not react with water so it can be used in plumbing |
| Why are alloys more useful than pure metals? | They are much stronger |
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