6.1 Exchange between organisms and their environment

Description

GCSE Biology (Organisms Exchange Substances with their Environment) Flashcards on 6.1 Exchange between organisms and their environment, created by Sea Chel Pie on 04/02/2019.
Sea Chel Pie
Flashcards by Sea Chel Pie, updated more than 1 year ago
Sea Chel Pie
Created by Sea Chel Pie almost 6 years ago
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Resource summary

Question Answer
what is Tissue Fluid ? the environment around the cells of multi cellular organisms
what effects amount of each substance that is exchanged ? Size Metabolic Rate
what happens when an organism has a High Metabolic Rate ~ exchange More materials ~ Need Large SA:V ration -> reflected in type of Exchange surface and Transport system ( to meet requirements )
what Substances need to be Interchanged between organism and environment ~ Respiratory gases (O2, CO2) ~ Nutrients (Glucose, fatty acids, vitamins) ~ Excretory products (Urea & CO2) ~ heat
Surface Area : Volume exchange surface must be large compared to Volume -> to allow sufficient exchange
what features must organisms develop ? 1. Flattened shape -> no cell is Never Far from surface -> e.g flatworm , eaf 2. Specialised exchange surface -> Large area, to increase SA:V ratio -> e.g lungs in mammals, gills in fish
how are Specialised exchange Surfaces by diffusion/ active Transport Adapted ? 1 ~ Large SA:V ratio -> increases Rate of Exchange ~ Very thin, diffusion pathway short -> materials cross surface rapidly ~ Selectively Permeable, selected stuff to cross
how are Specialised exchange Surfaces by diffusion/ active Transport Adapted ? 2 ~ Movement of external environmental medium e.g air flow -> maintain Diffusion gradient ~ a Transport system, to ensure Movement of Internal enviroment -> e.g blood flow to maintain diffusion gradient
Diffusion equation?
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