1769928
Description
Flashcards by mary nguyen, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by mary nguyen
almost 10 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| nematode | roundworm |
| cestode | tapeworm |
| trematode | fluke |
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pinworm (enterobius vermicularis)
Image:
pinworms.PNG (image/PNG)
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scotch tape test
most common childhood worm infection
live in caecum
eggs flat on one side, round on the other
Image:
pinworm_egg.PNG (image/PNG)
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ascaris lumbricoides
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ascaris.PNG (image/PNG)
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HUGE! live in upper small intestine
diagnose by looking in stool
problems caused by migration - general anesthetic or fever irritate worms and cause them to crawl around --> jaundice when get to biliary tree
Image:
jaundice.PNG (image/PNG)
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whipworm (trichiuris trichura)
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whip.PNG (image/PNG)
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soil transmitted helminth
biopurculated (lemon) eggs
light infestations aymptomatic
heavy infestations -> dysentery and blood loss in stool
causes trichuirs dysentery syndrome: rectal bleeding/prolapse, anemia, finger clubbin and growth stunting
Image:
lemon.PNG (image/PNG)
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| soil transmitted helminths | all nematodes: ascariasis hookworm trichuriasis |
| intestinal hookworms (2) | ancyclostoma duodenale necator americanus pulmonary symptoms (cough, wheeze, bloody sputum with transient eosinophilia) occur when larvae migrate thru lungs to intestine intestinal infection usually asymp but heavy infestation = anemic |
| cutaneous larva migrans | skin disease caused by hookworms most commonly caused by non-human hookworms ancyclostoma brasiliense |
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threadworm (stronglyoides stercoralis)
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strong.PNG (image/PNG)
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the only helminth that can reproduce in the body filariform larvae penetrate intact skin and cause pruritis and unusual skin eruptions |
| anisakis spp. | assoc with sashimi haul out with endoscope |
| tissue nematodes | trichinella spiralis dracunculus medinensis (guinea worm) filariases |
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trichinella spiralis
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walrus.PNG (image/PNG)
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get from eating undercooked pork, bear, walrus, or cougar jerky assoc with periorbital edema |
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onchocerca volvulus (river blindness)
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black.PNG (image/PNG)
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larva transmitted by black flies prominent subcutaneous nodules microfilaria migrate to skin in daytime -> chronic skin problems migrate to cornea -> scarring + corneal opacity |
| guinea worm (dracunculus medinensis) | subcutaenous filariasis prevented by filtration of larvae infected copepods from drinking water |
| subcutaneous filariasis | mansonella streptocerca loa loa onchocerca volvulus (river blindness) dracunculus mediensis (guinea worm) |
| lymphatic filariasis (WBB) (3) | wucheraria bancrofti brugia malayi brugia timori cause elephantiasis |
| wucheraria bancrofti | lymphatic filariasis mosquito acquired larvae migrate to lymphatics and develop into adults, blocking lymph vessels microfilariae into blood or lungs -> tropical pulmonary eosinophilia |
| serous cavity filariasis | serous cavity of abdomen mansonella perstans mansonella ozzardi |
| cestodes (tapeworms) (4) | dwarf (hymenolesis nana) beef (taenia saginata) pork (taenia solium) fish (diphyllobothrium latum) |
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dwarf tapeworm (hymenolepsis nana)
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dwarf.PNG (image/PNG)
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most common tapeworm in USA and latin america the only human tapeworm without an obligatory human host |
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pork tapeworm (taenia solium)
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cysti.PNG (image/PNG)
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acquired by ingestion of undercooked pork armed scolex lead to cysticercosis |
| fish tapeworm | undercooked or raw freshwater fish vitamin B 12 deficiency |
| trematodes (4) aka flukes (BILL) | blood fluke lung fluke liver fluke intestinal flule |
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lung fluke (paragonimus westermani)
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crayfish.PNG (image/PNG)
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undercooked crabs or crayfish duodenum to peritoneum to lungs most common cause of hemoptysis paragonimiasis: mostly asymptomatic but pleuritic pain and hemotypsis can be there. |
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schistosoma mansoni
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schisto.PNG (image/PNG)
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blood fluke - intestinal eggs in stool lateral spike |
| katayama fever | acute phase of schistosomiasis fever, urticaria, diarrhea, myalgia due to hypersensitivity to developing schistosomes |
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snail fever
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fibrosis.PNG (image/PNG)
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chronic phase of schistosomiasis due to egg deposition and inflammation fibrosis |
| schistosoma haematobium | blood and eggs in urine terminal spike on eggs blood fluke |
| beef tapeworm | Motile proglottids: segment of the tapeworm; contain both male and female reproductive organs Acquired by ingestion of rare beef |
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