1864250
Description
Flashcards by Gurleen Dhillon, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Gurleen Dhillon
almost 10 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Macromolecule | Large molecule made up of small molecules that are linked together |
| Metabolism | Total of all the chemical reactions that occur in the organism |
| Essential Nutrient | Nutrient that must be obtained by food |
| Carbohydrates | Macromolecules: Provide short term or long term energy storage |
| Monosaccharides | Simple sugars |
| Disaccharide | Made up of two monosaccharide molecules |
| Polysaccharide | many links of monosaccharide (chain) |
| Glycogen | polysaccharide made up of glucose |
| Lipid | Compound that does not dissolve in water |
| Amino Acid | Building block of protein |
| Peptide Bonds | Holds together the amino acids |
| Polypeptide | Several amino acids linked by peptide bonds |
| Hydrolosis | Water breaks macromolecules into smaller molecules |
| Enzyme | Protein molecule that helps speed up the chemical reactions in the body |
| Ailmentary Canal | Mouth at one end, Anus at the other |
| Mechanical Digestion | Physical break-down of large pieces of food |
| Chemical Digestion | Chemical Breakdown of nutrient molecules by enzymes |
| Salivary Glands | glands that produce saliva to start chemical digestion |
| Saliva | Watery secretion of the mouth |
| Esphogaus | Muscular tube which allows food to pass |
| Peristalis | Wave like series of muscular contractions |
| Bolus | smooth soft mass of food |
| Esphogeal Sphincter | entrance to the stomach |
| Gastric Juices | Muscus that is produced by glands in the stomach aids in digestion |
| Chyme | Liquid made up of gastric juice and digested food |
| Pepsin | Enzyme in Gastric Juices |
| Pyloric Sphincter | end of the stomach pushes out chyme |
| Duodenum | section of the small intestine into which food passes from the stomach |
| Villi | Improves absorption of nutrients found lining the surface of the small intestine |
| Jejunum | follows immediately after duodenum |
| Ileum | follows after the jejunum |
| Bile | Fluid secreted by the liver that helps fight digestion |
| Pancreas | Secretes pancreatic fluid into the duodenum each day |
| Liver | largest internal organ |
| Gall Bladder | Stores bile between meals |
| Respiratory Systems | Provides living things with oxygen and gets rid of waste |
| Respiration | process involved in bringing oxygen into the body |
| Inspiration | Drawing oxygen air into the lungs |
| Expiration | releasing waste air |
| External Respiration | exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the inspired air |
| Gas Exchange | delivery of oxygen and elimination of carbon dioxide from the blood to the lungs |
| Internal Respiration | exchange of carbon dioxide and oxygen between the blood and body's tissue |
| Cellular Respiration | energy releasing chemical reactions that take place in the cell |
| Ventilation | process of moving an oxygen containing medium over the respiratory surface |
| Pharynx | passageway that connects the mouth and nasal cavity to the larynx and esophagus |
| Trachea | Windpipe |
| Glottis | opening of the Trachea |
| Larynx | Between the glottis and trachea that contains the vocal cords |
| Bronchi | Passageway that branches from the trachea to the lung |
| Bronchiole | branches from each bronchus inside the lung into smaller thin walled tubes |
| Alveolus | tiny air sacks found at the end of a bronchiole |
| Hemoglobin | protein in red blood cells |
| Circulatory Systems | Transports blood, nutrients and waste around the body |
| Heart | Muscular organ that pumps blood through the body |
| Blood Vessels | hollow tube that carries blood to and from body tissues |
| Blood | fluid that transports nutrients, O2, CO2 through out the body |
| Pulmonary Artery | Blood Vessel that carries blood from the heart to the lungs |
| Pulmonary Veins | Blood vessel that carries blood from the lungs to the heart |
| Aorta | Artery that carries blood from the heart to the arteries |
| Atrioventricular Valve | valve between the ventricle and atrium |
| Semilunar Valve | valve between the ventricle and large arteries ; carries blood away from heart |
| Arteries | Carry blood away from heart |
| Veins | carry blood towards the heart |
| Capillaries | smallest blood vessels ;spread throughout the body |
| Plasma | clear yellowish fluid in the blood |
| Red Blood Cells | Hollow red cells that transport oxygen |
| Platelets | Fragments of cells that forms when larger cells in the bone marrow break apart |
| White Blood Cells | Fight Viruses |
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