1980322
Description
Flashcards by mathieteal, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by mathieteal
almost 10 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| the voluntary control of the swallow is under ___ control. | supratenetorial. |
| Do people have a dominant swallow hemisphere? | yes. |
| The involuntary phase of the swallow is under ... | infrantentorial control. |
| What are some things that can affect a swallow? | stroke, hemorrhage, tumors, dementia, TBI, neurological disease: MS, Parkinson, supranuclear palsy, cerebral palsy, |
| Dysphagia can arise in what kinds of situations? (think of people of all ages.) | neuromuscular disorder, critical illness, prematurity, genetic disorder |
| Where is the infratentorial located? | Beneath the tentorium of the cerebellum |
| the supratentorium is how much of the brains weight? | 85 % - heaviest part of the brain. Location of cerebrum |
| what is involved in the oral part of a swallow? | 1. hard and soft palate 2. labial - lips 3. lingual - tongue 4. buccal - cheeks 5. maxilla (upper) mandibular (lower) 6. oropharynx - can see with open mouth 7. nasopharynx - |
| what does the nasopharynx connect? | nose and mouth allowing you to breathe |
| where is the nasopharynx located? | space above the soft palate at the back of the nose. |
| oral phase why is labial close important? | lip closure - hold food inside |
| oral phase why is soft palate elevation important? | velopharyngeal closure |
| oral phase lingual, labial, buccal strength and range importance? | bolus formation |
| oral phase posterior lingual propulsion importance? | bolus force during swallow transit |
| oral phase buccal strength importance? (2) | 1. can suck from a straw 2. prevent food from lodging in lateral sulcus/sulci |
| oral phase mandibular range is needed why? | opening and closing of the mouth |
| oral phase lateral rotary mandibular movement is important for? | mastication |
| Dysfunction oral phase | leakage of food |
| dysfunction oral phase pocketing of food where? | lateral and anterior sulci |
| oral phase dysfunction lingual propulsion | can be weak |
| oral phase dysfunction mastication | weak |
| oral phase dysfunction mandibular movement | reduced lateral rotary for mastication |
| oral phase dysfunction maxilla and mandibular | inability to open / close |
| oral phase dysfunction sensation | reduced oral sensation to know food is still within the mouth. |
| If you have reduced lingual function means? | reduced mastication |
| if you have reduced lingual elevation means | reduced intra oral pressure due to reduced tongue to palate contact |
| reduced anterior to posterior tongue movement means.. | slow weak bolus transit. Sulci residue increases. |
| Children commonly have a tongue thrust, what happens with the bolus? | leakage from the oral cavity then. |
| impaired buccal strength mandibular movement? | impaired mastication |
| impaired buccal strength altered mandibular / maxilla alignment? | Impaired mastication |
| impaired buccal strength reduced oral sensation? | dispersal of material through oral cavity and loss of oral control. |
| When can you say food has become a pharyngeal phase disorder? | one bolus reaches faucial arches and swallow is triggered. |
| pharyngeal phase disorder delayed swallow response? | premature spillage of the base of the tongue |
| pharyngeal phase disorder the longer the delay in a swallow initiation then... | the greater the risk of aspiration |
| pharyngeal phase disorder absent swallow reflex or response... | material resting in the vallevulae 10 seconds or more... aspiration of bolus will occus. |
| Where will food/liquid go if you have reduced VP closure? | bolus enters nasal cavity. |
| reduced vp closure has reduced oral pressure during | oral phase of swallow |
| reduced VP closure occurs with what diseases? | oral cancer, soft palate resection, cleft palate, sub mucous cleft, some neurological impairments |
| Is reduced phayngeal peristalsis unilateral, bilateral, both? | can be bilateral or unilateral |
| if you have a reduced pharyngeal peristalsis residue can fall where? | into the airway after a swallow. |
| When you have reduced pharyngeal constriction food can go where? (3) | 1 valleculae 2. posterior pharyngeal wall 3. pyriform sinus |
| cricopharyngeal dysfuntion is normally in a stage of constant relaxation or contraction? | contraction |
| Cricopharyngeal dysfunction relaxes when? | during a swallow. |
| In cricopharyngeal dysfunction if no relaxation is present bolus remains where? | pyriform sinus |
| why does aspiration occur in cricopharyngeal dysfunction? | residue spills into trachea over the arytenoid cartilage |
| Reduced laryngeal elevation paralysis / weakness of what muscles? | strap muscles |
| Surgical resection/reconstruction of the strap muscles wiht reduced laryngeal elevation causes what? | material falls onto the top of the larynx, resting on the vocal cords. cords abduct, reside falls into the airway. |
| Muscles that lower the hyoid are? | TOSS: Thryohyoid Ohmohyoid Sternohyoid suprahyoid |
| Muscles that elevate the hyoid? | My great dane smells Mylohyoid Geneohyoid Digastric stylohyoid |
| Which two nerves help squeeze the pharyngeal constrictors? | CN IX and X |
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