20722398
Description
Flashcards by Jacob Sipple, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Jacob Sipple
over 4 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| reservoir vs flux | reservoir: size of something(mass or volume)(2,000gal) flux is flow of a quantity into of out of reservoir(i.e. 6gal/hr) |
| % evaporated from ocean returns to ocean | 385/425 |
| hydrologic cycle | |
| how much evaporated water from land returns to land | 111/71(136%(36% comes from ocean)) returns via ground flow to ocean to even it out |
| how much water on earth is in the ocean | 96.5% in ocean |
| major sources of freshwater | freshwater(2.5%) glaciers(68.7%), groundwater(30%) surface(1.2%) |
| water usage in world | agriculture(70%), municipal(11%), industrial(19%) |
| how much irrigation water do NC used per day vs california | ~1000(NC) 15000-19000(california) |
| which countries use over 75% of their sustainable water | middle east area mostly |
| top of groundwater | water table |
| how is groundwater replenished | percolation(rainfall) |
| how much groundwater extracted in US/person | ~100,000gal/year |
| how is groundwater found in earth | in fractured rock, soil, and gravel |
| where are streams and lakes replenished in humid areas | groundwater feeds into them |
| climate change impact on groundwater | higher temps mean greater evapotranspiration, more water needed for ag, water in aquifers reduced could have more precipitation temp of oceans less increase in temp than land(take longer to warm up) |
| RCP 6.0 rainfall change | look on slides for map NC percip increase 0-10% in 2100 |
| circulation cell diagram |
Image:
Cell (binary/octet-stream)
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| palmer drought severity index | measurement of dryness based on recent precip and temp 4 = extremely wet -4 = extreme drought 0 = near normal |
| which 2 states had severe or extreme drought for more than 20% of 1895-1995 | Colorado and Wyoming |
| when was dustbowl palmer index in kansas and nebraska | 1930s -4 palmer index in most of the midwest |
| permafrost | soil remains below 0C for 2 or more years(can be below surface doesn't have to be frozen always at surface too |
| where in us most permafrost | alaska(around 85% of soil) extends as much as 2000 ft below surface |
| name of 3 layrs of soil containing permafrost | active layer, permafrost, talik plants can be found in active layer |
| organic soil in permafrost vs world | 50% in permafrost if melts would release CO2 and CH4 |
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