2360170
Description
Flashcards by Suchanya Promsen, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Suchanya Promsen
over 9 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Microbiology and Biotechnology | Microbiology Viruses and Bacteria Fungi Biotechnology |
| Microbiology | Is the study of small living things |
| Micro-organisms (Microbes) | Are the small living things |
| 3 Types of micro-organisms | Viruses Bacteria Fungi |
| Viruses | Smallest Unable to reproduce themselves Parasites (live on another living thing) Not killed by antibiotics Controlled by antibodies |
| Viruse diseases | Measles Mumps Chicken pox Polio AIDS (HIV) |
| Antibodies | Produced by white blood cells - treat infections |
| Bacteria | Larger than viruses Require food, water and suitable temperature and pH in order to grow Reproduce asexually(double every 20mins) May feed (live) on live or dead things Controlled by using antibiotics |
| Useful | Decay (dead plants + animals) Produce food (cheese, butter, yoghurt) Used in Biotechnology |
| Harmful | Cause diseases Destroy foods (milk turn sour) Destroy crops in the fields |
| Bacterial diseases | Tetanus (lockjaw) Tuberculosis (TB) Pneumonia Cholera Anthrax |
| Antibiotics | Chemicals made by bacteria and fungi which kill or prevent the growth of bacteria |
| Penicillin | Is an example of antibiotic Invented by Alexander Fleming |
| Fungi | Do not contain chlorophyll (green) Grow as single cells (yeast) or thread (mushroom) |
| Useful | Cause decay (plants + animals) May be eaten e.g. mushroom Use to make alcohol + bread making |
| Harmful | Cause diseases e.g. athlete's foot + ringworm Some are poisonous Cause food to rot e.g. bread mould |
| Biotechnology | Is the use of living things or their parts to produce useful products |
| Example | Use plants, animals, micro-organisms and enzymes to manufacture many different products |
| Industrial uses | Using yeast to produce alcohol Using bacteria to produce enzymes for cleaning clothes |
| Medical uses | Using bacteria and fungi to produce antibiotics Using micro-organism to produce hormones (Insulin for treating diabetes) Antibodies (treat infection) Chemicals needed to clot blood |
| Biotechnology | Allow these products to be produced Cheaply in Huge quantities and Without any Dangerous Side-products |
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