Flashcards

Geography

Brigid Vella Geography Form 1 English 28 cards

Cards in this deck (28)

1WeatheringThe breaking and decomposition of rocks,
by physical, biological & chemical processes
2How many types of Weathering?1. Chemical
2. Physical
3. Biological
3Chemical Weathering1. Chemicals (eg. carbon dioxide) from pollution added to water vapour in the atmosphere - Acid rain
2. Acid rain dissolves limestone which is weakened and washed away
4Physical WeatheringChange in temperature
causing Expansion & Contraction of rocks (example - in a desert)
1. Freeze -thaw weathering/Frost Shattering
2. Onion-skin weathering
5Freeze/thaw Weathering or Frost Shattering1. Water seeps into cracks - daytime
2. Temperature falls below 0° - at night
3. Water freezes and expands
4. Cracks become wider, rocks split apart
6Onion-skin Weathering1. High temp. - outer layer of rock expands
2. Low temp. - outer layer of rock contracts
3. Continuous Expansion & Contraction - small pieces of rock break down
4. Layers of rock start to peel off (like the skin of an onion)
7Biological WeatheringPlants
Seed falls in a crack - grows into a plant - Roots expand - pressure on rock - split rock apart
Animals
Remains of animals - decay & burrowing - breaks down rocks
8Erosion1. wearing away of rocks
2. Transportation by wind
by water (river/sea)
by ice
3. deposition
9The arrangement of the natural and artificial physical features of land.Topography/Relief
10Rivers1. Flowing bodies of water
2. In every country (except Antarctica)
3. Carry huge quantities of water from land to sea
11Source of a riverMountain (Snow melts)
12How many courses does a river have?3 sections
1. Upper course
2. middle course
3. lower course
13Two features in Upper Course1. v-shaped valley
2. Waterfall (Niagara Falls)
14Two features in Middle Course1. Meander
2. Oxbow lake
15Two features in Lower Course1. Flood Plain
2. Delta (the mouth of a river)
16The Longest RiverRiver Nile in Egypt
17River FloodingCause:
Heavy Rainfall, Snow melts, deforestation, Urbanization
Impact:
Damages to properties,
drowning of fields, ruining of crops
Benefits:
Fertile Soil, washes away pollution
18Flood ControlDam
Afforestation
Flood warning systems
Sand bags
19Three types of Sandy beaches in MaltaNatural Beach
(Għajn Tuffieħa, Ramla l-Ħamra)
Beach Replenishment
(Pretty Bay in Birżebbuġa)
Man-made/Artificial Beach
(St. George's Bay)
20What is this called?Meander
-found in the middle course of a river-
21This is called.......Ox-bow Lake
-found in the middle course of a river-
22What is this formation and where do you find it?Delta
-found in the lower course of a river-
23What is this?V-shaped valley
-found in the upper course of a river-
24What type of landform is this? Where is it foundWaterfall
-found in the upper course of a river-
25What type of landform is this? Where is it found?Gorge
-found in the Upper course of a river-
26COASTS Features of a headland (erosion bay and headland)Crack
Cave (Blue Grotto)
Arch (Azure Window)
Stack
Stump (Sikka)
27What is this landform called?Stack
28What is this landform?Arch
(Azure Window)