283498
Description
Flashcards by gina_evans0312, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by gina_evans0312
about 11 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Cardiovascular System | Heart & blood vessels |
| Lymphatic System | Overflow system- lymphatic plexus, vessels, lymph nodes & lymphoid organisms |
| Distributing Artery | Probably this if it has a name- tunica media is mostly smooth muscle |
| Vascular smooth muscle fibres... | Are under autonomic control |
| Sympathetic Activity | Causes vasoconstriction/vasodilation |
| Vasa vesorum | Blood vessels for artery walls |
| Conducting Artery | Tunica media contains more elastic tissue than smooth muscle |
| End Artery | Don't end in capilliaries but end in arteries |
| Anostamosis | A cross connection between two arteries-regulate blood flow between them |
| Arterioles/Meta-Arterioles | Thick muscle & small lumen |
| Precapillaric sphincters | Control blood flow to the capillaries |
| Veins contain .... to help maintain pressure | Valves, diastole, muscles squeeze veins |
| Single Squamous Epithelium | Found in lungs and muscles |
| Fenestrated Capillaries | Allow hormone transfer |
| Fenestrated Capilliaries are found in... | Found in kidneys/endocrine glands |
| Sinusoids | Larger holes to allow passage of larger molecules |
| Sinusoids are found in... | Bone marrow and spleen |
| Major Actor | Prime mover that initiates joint movement |
| Synergist | Assists prime mover |
| Fixators | Stabilizes the prime mover |
| Antagonist | Reverses the action of prime mover |
| Motor Unit | Single motor unit and all the muscle fibers it stimulates |
| Damage to nerve | Causes muscle paralysis |
| Motor Unit Recruitment | More contraction requires more motor units |
| Powerful movements require | More, larger motor units- strength required, not precision |
| Precise Movement | Smaller motor units- less power but more muscle control |
| Satellite cells | The regenerative cells of the muscle |
| Damage to connective tissue leads to... | Storage |
| What causes scarring? | Collagen is put down an irregular manner |
| Damage to the epidermis causes... | No damage |
| Damage to the dermis causes... | Scarring |
| Muscle regeneration | Limited due to small amount of satellite cells |
| When damaged, muscle cells increase in... | Size, not number |
| Hypertrophy | Increase in muscle cell size |
| Skin hyperplasm | Increase in skin cell number |
| Nerva Pathology caused by... | Stroke/viral damage |
| Bells Palsy usually effects | Facial nerve (one of two) |
| Symptoms of Bells Palsy | Smooth forehead, drooping eyebrow and side of mouth |
| Disease Atrophy | Loss of muscle size due to disuse i.e. through a fracture |
| Myastheria Gravis | Autoimmune disorder attacking Ach receptors |
| Neuromuscular Junction Pathology | Effects precise rather than gross movement |
| Muscular Pathology i.e. | Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy |
| Dystrophin gene mutation found on | X allele (recessive) |
| Dystrophin effects... | Larger muscles first |
| Test for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy | A child will use their hands for support as they stand |
| Cardiac Muscle Traits | Intercalated Disks, Shorter fibres, more mitochondria & lower Ca2+ reserves |
| Syncytium | A single cell/cytoplasmic mass formed by nuclei splitting or cell fusion |
| Cardiac muscle has greater capacity for... | Continuous contraction |
| Autorythmic fibres | Muscle fibres capable of contracting without stimulation |
| Smooth muscle | Spindle shaped involuntary muscle |
| Smooth muscle movements | Are slow but sustained |
| Irregular muscle filaments are attached to ... in smooth muscle | Dense bodies |
| Smooth muscle is triggered by... | Autonomic signalling, chemicals or mechanical events |
| Abdomial Aorta | Found in abdomen, feeds liver, stomach and spleen |
| Common Iliac Artery | Provides blood to the leg |
| Why is the aorta close to the spine? | Protection |
| Brachiocephalic Aorta | First branch of the aortic arch |
| Subclaven artery | Provides blood to the arm |
| Common carotid artery | Provides blood (one on each side) to the brain up the neck |
| Coeliac artery | Provides spleen, liver and stomach branches |
| Superior mesentric artery | Provides small intestine |
| Name the aorta's three parts | Ascending Aorta, Aortic Arch & Descending Thoracic Aorta |
| Where most blood is found | Vein |
| Internal/External Lamia | Allows artery to stretch and avoid rupture due to pressure |
| Lacking in veins and capillaries, found only in arteries | Elastic Lamina |
| Brachiocephalic artery branches into... | Subclaven and common carotid arteries |
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