28439878
Description
Flashcards by Wizard Bunny, updated more than 1 year ago
|
Created by Wizard Bunny
about 4 years ago
|
|
| Question | Answer |
| What 4 components does the circulatory system consist of? | Heart Blood Vessels Blood Lymph Vessels |
| What 2 main tasks does the circulatory system perform? | Delivers oxygen & nutrients to every cell in the body Remove waste products from every cell in the body |
| Where is the heart located? | Between the lungs & behind the breastbone |
| What are the names of the 4 chambers of the heart? | At the top sit 2 Atria - left & right At the bottom sit 2 Ventricles - left & right |
| How much blood per minute does the heart typically pump? | 5 litres |
| What are the actions of a single heartbeat? | Deoxygenated blood (dark) fills the right atrium. The right atrium contracts, filling the right ventricle. The right ventricle contracts, sending blood to the lungs, where carbon dioxide (CO2) is released & oxygen is acquired. Oxygenated blood (red) returns to the LEFT atrium. Left atrium contracts, filling LEFT ventricle. Left ventricle contracts, pumping oxygenated blood to the body's cells. |
| How often does the heart beat per minute? | 60 - 100 times per minute |
| What causes the heart to beat? | Electricity |
| What are the 2 types of cells the heart is made up of? | Electrical Muscle (Myocardial) |
| What are Myocardial (heart muscle) cells responsible for? | The heart's pumping ACTION |
| What are the heart's electrical cells responsible for? | Generating and conducting the electrical current which stimulates the muscle cells to contract. |
| What is the name of the system of Myocardial and electrical cells? | The Cardiac Conduction System |
| What are the components of the Cardiac Conduction System? | Sinoatrial Node (SA Node) Atrioventricular Node (AV Node) Bundle of His Left and right bundle branches Purkinje fibers |
| Sinoatrial Node (SA Node) What does the SA Node do? What is the SA node also known as? What goes it govern? | Generates electrical implues at the rate of 60 - 100 times per minute. The heart's "Pacemaker". The heart's rhythm. |
| Atrioventricular Node (AV Node) What does the AV Node do? | It is the "backup Pacemaker" and can generate 40 - 60 beats per minute. |
| In the case of Sinoatrial Node (SA Node) failure, what happens? | The Atrioventricular Node (AV Node) takes over but at a slower pace (40-60 NOT 60-100 BPM) |
| What are the names of the 3 types of blood vessels? | Arteries Veins Capillaries |
| What do arteries carry? Where to? | Oxygenated blood (bright red). Atrerioels to Capillaries. |
| What do veins carry? Where to? | Deoxygenated blood & waste products. Back to the heart. |
| What do capillaries carry? | Oxygenated blood from arteries via smaller arterioles. |
| What are venules? What do they carry? Where do they empty? | Venules are tiny veins. Deoxygenated blood & waste products. Into larger veins. |
| Where do veins return blood to the heart? | Via the Superior Vena Cava & Inferior Vena Cava |
| How much blood is in the average human body? | Approx.: 5 quarts 4.5 to 5.5 litres 10.5 pints |
| What are the 4 components of blood? | Plasma Red blood cells White blood cells Platelets |
| How much plasma makes up blood? | Approx. 55% |
| What is Fibrinogen? | It is used to clot blood |
| What can be found in plasma? | Nutrients Proteins Electrolytes Hormones Respiratory Gasses Fibrinogen Water |
| What are red blood cells called? | Erythrocytes |
| What are white blood cells called? | Leukocytes |
| What do Leukocytes (white blood cells) do? | Protect against infections and tissue damage by destroying harmful bacteria and viruses |
| What do Erythrocytes (red blood cells) do? | Carry oxygen molecules |
| What are platelets called? | Thrombocytes |
| What do Thrombocytes do? | Help to form clots to stop blood loss and help to repair tissue damage. |
| How do Thrombocytes and Fibrinogen work together? | Thrombocytes stick to one another & to the edges of the injury. Fibrinogen fibres entangle with Thrombocytes to help form a clot. |
| What do Lymph Vessels do? | Collect & move lymph fluid |
| What is lymph fluid made up of? | Excess fluid the body's cells have taken from blood, known as Interstitial Fluid. Fat absorbed from the small intestine. A white blood cell named Lymphocyte. |
| What is the difference between Leukocytes and Lymphocytes? | Leukocytes are found in the systemic blood system Lymphocytes are found in the lymphatic system |
| What do veins have inside them? What do they do? | Valves to help prevent the backflow of blood. |
| What do larger lymph vessels have inside them? What do they do? | Valves to help prevent the backflow of lymph fluid. |
| Where do lymph vessels travel to? | Lymph nodes. |
| What do lymph nodes do? | Clean lymph fluid of disease-causing agents |
| What are the names of the ducts lymph vessels empty into? | Thoracic Duct Right Lymphatic Duct |
| Where do the thoracic duct and right lymphatic duct drain into? What happens next? | The left and right subclavian veins. The lymph fluid is returned to the main circulatory system. |
Want to create your own Flashcards for free with GoConqr? Learn more.