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Description
Flashcards by pvillanueva, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by pvillanueva
over 9 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| 3 Types of Norms | folkways, mores, laws |
| Folkways | Simple everyday norms based on custom, tradition, or etiquette |
| Mores | norms based on broad societal morals whose infraction would generate more serious social condemmation |
| Laws | strongest norms supported by codified social sanctions |
| What is the relationship between crime and deviance? | They overlap while they have independent dimensions. |
| How are people labeled deviant? | Through the ABC's of deviance. |
| What does ABC's of deviance stand for | A-attitudes B-behaviors C- for conditions; which you acquire from birth |
| Three S's of Stigma Attribution | Sin, Sick, Selected |
| What are the four types of deviances? | Negative Deviance, Rate Busting, Deviance Admiration, Positive Deviance |
| Negative Deviance | Underconformity or nonconformity that is negatively evaluated. |
| Rate-busting | Negative reaction not to underconformity but to overconformity and constitutes the "geek phenomenon" |
| Deviance Admiration | Underconformity that is postively evaluated people do not view the actions as right rather they accept the violations of the norms. Example: Thomas Jefferson, George Washington |
| Positive Deviance | Denotes overconformity to the norms that is positively evaluated. Example: Mother Teresa |
| Interactionist Perspective | Defines deviance as the infraction of some agreed-upon rule. It is constructed by society's behavior to different actions. |
| Race and the Labeling Theory | -Boys from middle-class areas do not get far in the legal process when they are arrested. -It is extremely unlikely for white to be convicted and sentence. - Negros are highly likely to be punished from crimes against white than against other Negros. |
| Consequences of labeling theory | Being branded as deviant or criminal can have further consequences on social participation, self-image, and public identity. |
| Master Trait vs. Auxiliary Trait | Master trait: goes through certification, schooling, and/or licensing to master a speciality. Auxiliary trait: what people expect from a person. |
| What does it take to be labeled a criminal? | A single criminal offense. |
| Absolutist Perspective | Consider deviance as a simple task, implies that a widespread consensus exists about what is deviant and what is not. |
| Cultural Relativism | Wants society to adapt to the changes of our times. |
| Moral Order | common world view that binds people to their families, to their communities, and to the larger economic, and political institutions. |
| Moral Boundaries | When society's moral boundaries are sharp, clear, and secure, and the central norms are strongly held, moral panics are less likely. Ex: In college, moral panics are more likely |
| Moral Consensus | In order to cope with the implications of the new reality, we must construct hard principles. |
| Social Power Perspective | Definitions of deviance are social constructions and classifies the dominant group as the powerful, decision-makers. |
| Conflict Theory | Suggests that definitions of deviance represent one of the coercive means through which the elite maintain their dominance over the masses. |
| Crime | Crime as a legal definition of human conduct is created by agents of the dominant class in a politically organized society. |
| Formulation definitions of crime | Definitions of crime are composed of behaviors that conflict with the interests of the dominant class. |
| Applying definitions of Crime | Definitions of crime are applied by the class that has the power to shape the enforcement and administration of criminal law. |
| How behavior patterns develop in relation to definitions of crime? | Behavior patterns are structured in relation to definitions of crime, and within this context people engage in actions that have relative probabilities of being defined as criminal. |
| Probability that persons will develop action patterns with high potential for being defined as criminal depends on what? | 1) structured opportunities 2) learning experiences 3) interpersonal associations and identifications, and 4) self-conceptions. |
| Ideology of Crime | An ideology of crime is constructed and diffused by the dominant class to secure its hegemony. |
| Social Reality of Crime | Constructed by the formulation and application of definitions of crime, the development of behavior patterns in relation to these definitions, and the construction of an ideology of crime. |
| Key focal concerns of every community | Deviance and social reactions |
| People get pushed into deviance by people's expectations or definitions. | True. |
| People live up to their deviant, criminal labels. | True |
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