3461711
Description
Flashcards by thashali.anthony, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by thashali.anthony
about 9 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Microscopic Anatomy | can't see with naked eye |
| Cytology | internal structure of cells, smallest units of life |
| Histology | examines tissues, specialized cells and cell products that work together to perform specific functions |
| Organs | tissues in combination (i.e. heart, kidney, liver, brain); they are anatomical units with multiple functions |
| Gross/Macroscopic Anatomy | relatively large structures and features that can be seen with the naked eye |
| Anatomical position | person standing with legs together, feet flat on the floor, hands at side, palms facing outward |
| Transverse/Horizontal/Cross-Sectional | - all three terms are synonymous in humans - plane oriented perpendicular to long axis - separates superior and inferior portions |
| Saggital Plane | - oriented parallel to long axis - separates right and left portions of the body |
| Frontal/Coronal Plane | - oriented parallel to long axis - separates front and back portions of the body |
| Special Case: Mid-sagittal | Midsagittalpasses through midline diving the body into right and left halves |
| Para-sagittal | Parasagittal misses midline, creating right and left portions of unequal sizes |
| Anterior Vs. Posterior (~ ventral vs. dorsal in upright animals such as humans) | Anterior = front, before "Navel is on the anterior surface of the trunk" Posterior = back, behind "Shoulder blade is located posterior to the rib cage" |
| Superior Vs. Inferior | Superior = above; at a higher level (in human body, towards head) Inferior = below; at a lower level; toward the feet |
| Cranial/cephalic vs. Caudal | Cranial/Cephalic = toward the head "Cranial or cephalic border of the pelvis is superior to the high" Caudal = toward the tail (coccyx) in humans "Hips are caudal to the waist" |
| Medial Vs. Lateral | Medial = toward the midline (longitudinal axis of the body) "Medial surfaces of the thighs may be in contact" Lateral = away from the midline (longitudinal axis of the body "The femur articulates with the lateral surface of the pelvis" |
| Proximal Vs. Distal (used to refer to tubular systems and limbs) | Proximal = toward an attached base "Thigh is proximal to the foot" Distal = away from an attached base "Fingers are distal to the wrist" |
| Superficial Vs. Deep | Superficial = at, near, or relatively close to the body surface "Skin is superficial to underlying structures" Deep = towards the interior of the body, farther from the surface "Bone of the thigh is deep to the surrounding skeletal muscles" |
| Rostral | Near front end of the body, especially in the region of the nose or mouth; means "beak" |
| Sectional Nomenclature | produces a 2D representation of a 3D structure |
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