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Description
Flashcards by Victoria Guerra, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Victoria Guerra
about 9 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Parliament | the British legislature |
| legislature | a group of people that makes laws |
| precedent | a ruling that is used as the basis for a judicial decision in a later, similar case |
| common law | a system of law based on precedent and customs |
| compact | an agreement, or contract, among a group of people |
| town meeting | a gathering of local citizens to discuss and vote on important issues |
| mercantilism | the theory that a country should sell more goods to other countries than it buys |
| boycott | the refusal to purchase certain goods |
| congress | a formal meeting in which representatives discuss matters of common concern |
| independence | self-reliance and freedom from outside control |
| confederation | a group of individuals or states that band together for a common purpose |
| Magna Carta | Magna Carta Great Charter signed in 1215 by King John; limited the power of the monarch and recognized rights of the nobles |
| Glorious Revolution | 1688 the peaceful transfer of power in history of England: Parliament removed King James II from throne and invited his daughter Mary and her husband William to rule instead |
| English Bill of Rights | in English history guaranteed free election, the right to a fair trial, and made cruel unusual punishment illegal |
| natural rights | rights you are born with -- life, liberty, & property |
| social contract | agreement between the people (the governed) and the government; People agree to give up part of their freedom to govt. in exchange for protection of natural rights |
| Baron de Montesquieu | philosopher who came up with "separation of powers" |
| Enlightenment | during the 1700's & 1800's movement that spread the idea that reason and science could improve society |
| Mayflower Compact | document signed by passengers of Mayflower; created a direct democracy in the New World; also represents idea of a social contract |
| House of Burgesses | bicameral legislature in Jamestown, Virginia; also was the first representative democracy in the New World |
| proprietary colony | colony owned by a person who controlled the land and govt. |
| royal colony | colony owned by and ruled directly by the king |
| indentured servant | a person who agreed to work for a period of 7 years to pay off the cost of their passage to the colonies |
| triangular trade | trade between Europe, Africa and the Americans; slaves from Africa were transported to the Americas and traded for sugar and molasses |
| Middle passage | the journey across the Atlantic Ocean made by slave ships |
| salutary neglect | sometimes called healthy or useful neglect meant England did not strictly enforce its laws in the colonies |
| French Indian War | also called Seven Years War between England and France; because of war debt England began to tax the colonies |
| "no taxation without representation" | slogan that summed up the colonists anger over taxes and the fact the colonies were NOT allowed to send representatives to Parliament |
| Boston Massacre | March 5, 1770 British soldiers opened fire on a crowd killing 5 American colonists; even fueled the Americans hatred for the British |
| Stamp Act | a tax on printed materials such as legal documents, mail, newspapers, etc |
| Boston Tea Party | some colonists dressed as Indians sneaked aboard British ships and dumped 90,000 pounds of tea into the Boston Harbor |
| Daniel Shays' Rebellion | a series of protests in 1786 and 1787 by American farmers against state and local enforcement of tax collections and judgments for debt |
| Jamestown, Virgina | The first permanent English settlement in North America, founded in 1607 in Virginia. Jamestown was named for King James I of England. It was destroyed later in the seventeenth century in an uprising of Virginians against the governor |
| bicameral | (of a legislative body) having two branches or chambers |
| Pilgrims | a group of English Puritans fleeing religious persecution who sailed in the Mayflower and founded the colony of Plymouth, Massachusetts, in 1620 |
| Declaratory Act | The American Colonies Act 1766, was an Act of the Parliament of Great Britain, which accompanied the repeal of the Stamp Act 1765 and the changing and lessening of the Sugar Act |
| Articles of Confederation (AOC) | an agreement among all thirteen original states in the United States of America that served as its first constitution. |
| Declaration of Independence | the formal statement written by Thomas Jefferson declaring the freedom of the thirteen American colonies from Great Britain. An example of the Declaration of Independence was the document adopted at the Second Continental Congress on July 4th, 1776 |
| Second Continental Congress | a convention of delegates from the Thirteen Colonies that started meeting in the summer of 1775, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, soon after warfare in the American Revolutionary War had begun |
| Intolerable Acts (aka Coercive Acts) | a series of laws passed by the British in 1774 in an attempt to punish Massachusetts for the Boston Tea Party; also called [Coercive Acts], Punitive Acts. |
| “Common Sense” |
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