4010500
Description
Flashcards by Frances McNab, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Frances McNab
about 9 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Urbanisation | The process which has led to an increasing proportion of a country's population living within urban areas. The consequence is a decline in the proportion living in rural areas. Two main causes are natural population growth and rural-urban migration. |
| Suburbanisation | The movement of people from living in the inner parts of a city to the outer edge. Facilitated by the development of transport networks and the increase in ownership of private cars, allowing people to commute to work. |
| Counterurbanisation | Movement of people from large urban areas to smaller urban, or rural areas, therefore leapfrogging the rural-urban fringe. It can mean daily commuting, lifestyle changes and increased use of ICT. |
| Reurbanisation | Movement of people and economic activities back into city centres. One characteristic is the refurbishment, by more affluent people, of old housing stock in former run-down inner-city areas. (Gentrification) |
| Hyperurbanisation | Where the increase in the urban population happens so rapidly that the city cannot cope with the needs of the people. |
| Millionaire City | Cities with more than 1 million people. |
| Megacity | Cities with more than 10 million people. |
| World City | Cities that have great influence on a global scale, because of their financial status and worldwide commercial power. |
| Primate City | A city, first in rank size, that is larger than any other in the country. Often twice the size of the second largest city. |
| Globalisation | A set of processes leading to the integration of economic, cultural, political and social systems across geographical boundaries. It refers to increasing economic integration of countries, especially in terms of trade and the movement of capital. |
| Rural-Urban Migration | The movement of people from rural areas to urban areas. |
| Shanty Towns | Squatter settlements often found in cities in less developed countries. People live in poor conditions, with no clean water, electricity or sanitation. |
| Site and Services | Authorities provide an area of land that is not too far from workplaces in the city which is divided into individual plots. Roads, water and sanitation may be provided. Newcomers can rent a plot of land and build their own house, following certain guidelines. When they have more money, they can improve their house. |
| Self-Help Schemes | Houses improve slowly; replacing mud walls with brick walls, fitting windows and doors, adding rooms and upper floors. City authorities provide water from standpipes and help with sanitation and waste collection. Commercial bus operators start services to the settlement and the local community may build health centres. People work together and over time it becomes a medium-quality housing area. |
| The Brown Agenda | A mix of social and environmental problems brought about by rapid growth and industrialisation associated with economic development. It has 2 components: 1. Traditional issues associated with the limited availability of good-quality land, shelter and services such as clean water. 2. Problems resulting from rapid industrialisation, such as toxic or hazardous waste, water, air and noise pollution, and industrial accidents owing to poor standards of health and safety. |
| Localised | Restricting something to a certain place. |
| Suburban Intensification | Building in the suburbs, but at a higher density than in the past. It often involves building services and workplaces as well as houses. |
| Peri-Urban | Peri-urban areas are defined by the structure resulting from the process of peri-urbanisation. The landscape interface between town and country, or also as the rural-urban transition zone where urban and rural uses mix and often clash. |
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