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Description
Flashcards by Julissa Romero, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Julissa Romero
almost 9 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Describe the properties of being alive | 1. Must have cells! 2. Maintain internal environment (homeostasis) 3. use energy 4. grow and develop 5. interact with the environment 6. Reproduce 7. share ancestry 8. evolve |
| Outline the levels of biological organization | AMCTOOPCEB atoms--> molecules--> cells--> tissues-->organs-->organisms-->populations--> community --> ecosystems-->biosphere |
| Define Scientific Inquiry | 1) Discovery Science ex: babies 2) Hypothesis Testing Science ex: making an observation and turning into a hypothesis such as maple trees fall in autumn when the days get colder and shorter |
| Define hypothesis | Proposed explanation for a natural phenomenon (testable, falsifiable, verifiable) |
| Define Scientific Theory | broad scope, supported by accumulated evidence from many hypotheses, leads to new hypotheses, can be modified or rejected |
| Cell Theory | 1) all organisms are composed of one or more cells 2) cells are the smallest unit of life 3) new cells come from pre existing cells by cell divion |
| Principle 2: Living organisms use energy | use the energy to maintain their internal order ex: algae harness light energy via photosynthesis |
| Principle 4: Living organisms maintain homeostasis | living cells and organisms regulate their cells and bodies to maintain relatively stable internal conditions |
| Principle 9: Structure determines functions | Example: a cellular protein called actin naturally assembles into structure that are filaments: the function of these filaments is to provide support shape to cells or a birds wings to swim |
| Principle 10: New properties of life emerge from complex interactions | Emergent properties: When individual components in an organism interact with each other or with the external environment to create structure and functions Example: human eye us composed of different type of cells that are organized to sense incoming light and transmit signals to the brain |
| Atoms | smallest unit of an element that has the chemical properties of the element |
| difference between Molecules & macromolecules | atoms bond together form molecules & smaller molecules bonded together to form a large polymer is a macromolecule |
| cells | contains a variety of molecule and macromolecules also smallest units of life |
| tissues | many cells of the same type associate with each other to form tissues |
| organs | composed of two or more type of tissues |
| organisms | all living things |
| population | a group of the organisms of the same species |
| community | assemblage of populations of different species that live in the same environment |
| ecosystem | interactions between a community of organisms and its physical environement |
| biosphere | the regions on earth and in the atmosphere where living organisms exist |
| vertical descent | new species evolve from pre-existing ones by the accumulations of mutations |
| horizontal gene transfer | a process in which an organism incorporates genetic material from another organism incorporates genetic material from another organism without being the offspring of that organism example: transfer of antibiotic resistance gene from one bacterial species to another via horizontal gene transfer |
| levels of biological organization | 1) atom 2) molecule 3) macromolecule 4) cell 5) tissue 6) organ |
| taxonomy | the grouping of species |
| three domains | Bacteria Archaea Eukarya |
| Prokaryotic | bateria and archaea |
| eukaryotic | eukarya ; nucleus is surrounded by membrame |
| Discovery based science | the collection and analysis without having a preconceived hypothesis |
| hypothesis testing | observations --> hypothesis --> experiment--> data--> reject or support hypothesis? |
| System Biology | Understanding how emergent properties arise from complex interactions ex try to characterize an entire cellular process which is driven by dozens of different proteins |
| Making a good hypothesis | Falsifiable Testable Verifable |
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