Flashcards
Electron Transport Chain
Cards in this deck (9)
- 1Explain the Malate-Aspartate Shuttle:This is where Oxaloacetate is reduced two Malate where it gains 2 electrons from NADH. Malate (carrying the electrons) crosses into the Matrix whereby it is oxidised donating the 2 electrons tp NAD+ forming NADH Oxaloacetate again in the Matrix which is converted to Aspartate which leaves the Matrix once again. Thus we now have NADH in the Matrix fro ETC breakdown.
- 2How does the NADH from Glycolysis (the Cytisol of the cell) enter the ETC?The Inner Mitochondrial Membrane lacks a transport protein allowing NADH from the cytisol to enter the cell, thus we use the Glycerophosphate Shuttle and the Malate-Aspartate Shuttle.
- 3Explain the Glycerophosphate Shuttle:NADH cannot cross the Outer Mitochondrial Membrane thus it donates two electrons to Dihydroxacetone Phosphate which forms Glycerol 3 Phosphate which can cross the Outer Membrane. When it reaches the Inner Membrane it donates these carried electrons through Glycerol 3 Phosphate Dehydrogenase to FAD+ in the Inner Mitochondrial Membrane thus forming FADH which enters the ETC cycle through Complex 2.
- 4How much energy do NADH and FADH carry?1 NADH carries 10 protons= 2.5ATP per NADH
1 FADH carries 6 protons= 1.5ATP per FADH
(4 Protons per ATP) - 5What is the process?Breakdown of energy rich NADH and FADH.
- 6Where does the ETC take place?Inner Mitochondrial Membrane
- 7What are the 5 complexes?1) NADH Dehydrogenase 2) Succinate- CoQ Reductase 3) Cytochrome B-C1 4) Cytochrome C Oxidase 5) ATP Synthase
- 8What are the 2 carriers, and between what complex's do they run?Ubiquinone (Coenzyme Q) Which runs between Complex's 1,2 and 3 (NADH enters through Complex 1 and FADH enters through compex 2) It carries electrons from both complexes to complex 3.
Cytochrome C Which runs between complex 3 and 4. - 9Brief Explanation of the process:NADH and FADH are high energy electron donors which pass through a series of complex's which creates a proton gradient across the membrane which causes electrons to flow through ATP Synthase to generate ATP.
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- Exercise Metabolism- Term 1 (ETC) Flashcards on Electron Transport Chain, created by Mark Arsenal on 15/04/2013.
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- Mark Arsenal
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