5171455
Description
Flashcards by Bee Brittain, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Bee Brittain
over 8 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| What is the human circulatory system described as? | A closed, double pump system |
| The Circulatory system is 'closed' and is a 'double system', what does this mean? | Blood is confined to vessels and blood passes twice through the heart for each complete circuit of the body as the heart is also a double pump |
| Fill in the blanks: The _____ the surface area to _____ ratio, and the more _____ the organism, the greater the need for a specialised ___________ system with a ______ | The LOWER the surface area to VOLUME ratio, and the more ACTIVE the organism, the greater the need for a specialised TRANSPORT system with a PUMP |
| Whether or not there is a specialised transport system depends on two factors, name them. | 1) How active the organism is 2) The surface area to volume ratio |
| What is reduced when blood is passed through the lungs? | Pressure |
| Why after passing through the lungs is blood returned to the heart? | Blood is returned to the heart to boost its pressure again as after being in the lungs, the pressure drops and if the pressure was to stay low, it would make circulation very slow. |
| Blood being returned to the heart after passing through the lungs ensures what? Why is this important for mammals? | That blood moves at a fast pace so substances are delivered to the body quickly. This is important to mammals as they have a high body temperature and so have a high rate of metabolism |
| Why is the final exchange of substances from the capillaries to the cells so rapid? | 1) There is a large surface area for the movement of substance to take place 2) Capillary walls are one cell thick so there is a short diffusion pathway 3) There is a steep diffusion gradient as only one red blood cell at a time can pass through capillaries |
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