Created by rlshindmarsh
over 11 years ago
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Question | Answer |
Droch review in life magazine 1898 | 'seldom does he make a direct assertion, but qualifies and negatives and double negative, then throws in a handful of adverbs until the image floats away upon a verbal smoke' |
review from the New York Times | 'The very breath of hell seems to pervade some of its chapters' |
Leon Edel | Henry James foremost critic |
James | wants to "catch out" the reader "shameless potboiler" "fairy tale" "amusette", away from realism refuses to give closure or reveal the nature of the ghosts - Protomodernist, away from aristotelian beginning middle and end |
Schrero | not ambiguous, ghost are real their servant status and sordid sexuality + corruption of the children reflects current anxiety The governess is RELIABLE The Master is IRRESPONSIBLE |
Costello | Governess is RELIABLE the reader can tell this by the clear structure of each account of the ghostly encounters: FORETELLING - INCIDENT - PLAN - RESPONSE |
Tuveson | The governess is reliable, the story comes from James connection to the psychic society (brother) the Governess is an UNKNOWING MEDIUM Quint's spirit uses her to kill miles |
Williams | Governess NOT reliable believes critics thus far take the story to seriously, not verisimilitude. FAIRYTALE can tell this from the narrative form and group listening in prologue |
Wilson | Governess is NOT reliable she suffers from "psychosexual delusion" Freudian slips everywhere - textual proof Lacuna - Gap in the text/narrative ambiguity |
Bontly | Governess is NOT reliable Fruedian, she projects sexuality onto ghosts, they alone are A-sexual wants to destroy/doesn't understand the innocence of the children the reader finds in the ghosts demons that haunt them personally |
Jones | cannot be sure even of Douglas, too ambiguous to interpret. Governess is "Inexperienced, bewildered, frightened" but HONEST - just saying what she sees |
Lyndenburg | guilty of the "sin of pride" the children are “mere pawns which she must protect and can use, but for which she has no real concern” |
Cargill | Freudian reading, sites James as a "Freudian pioneer" |
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