Muscles

Description

Origins, insertions and actions of muscles in the human body
tenesha.taylor11
Flashcards by tenesha.taylor11, updated more than 1 year ago
tenesha.taylor11
Created by tenesha.taylor11 over 8 years ago
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Question Answer
Sternocleidomastoid Origin: Manubrium of the sternum, medial end of the clavicle Insertion: mastoid process of the temporal bone Action: Flexion, lateral rotation
Scalenes (anterior, middle, posterior) Origin: transverse processes of the cervical vertebrae Insertion: Ribs 1-2 Action Elevation, flexion and rotation
Pectoralis minor Origin: Ribs 3-5 Insertion: coracoid process of scapula Action: Depression, downwards rotation
Serratus anterior Origin: Ribs 1-8 Insertion: Medial border of scapula Action: Lateral rotation
External oblique Origin: Ribs 5-12 Insertion: linea alba, pubic crest, pubic tubercle and iliac crest Action: flexion
Internal oblique Origin: lumbar fascia, iliac crest Insertion: linea alba, pubic crest Action: Flexion
Rectus abdominus Origin: pubic crest, pubic sympysis Insertion: xyphoid process, pubic crest Action: Flexion, rotation
Trapezius Origin: Occipital bone, spinous process of C7-T12 Insertion: Lateral 1/3 of clavicle. spine of scapula, accordion process of scapula Action: elevation, depression, rotation, adduction
Deltoid Origin: Lateral 1/3 of clavicle, spine of scapula, accordion process of scapula Insertion: deltoid tuberosity of the humerus Action: abduction, flexion, rotation, extension, lateral rotation
Latissimus dorsi Origin: Spinous processes of T7-T12, Ribs 9-12, iliac crest, inferior angle of scapula Insertion: intertubercular groove of the humerus Action: Extension, adduction, medial rotation
Pectoralis major Origin: Sternal end of clavicle, ribs 1-6 Insertion: greater tubercle of humerus Action: Flexion, rotation and adduction
Levator Scapulae Origin: Transverse processes of C1-C4 Insertion: Vertebral (medial) border of scapula Action: Elevation, downwards rotation
Rhomboid minor Origin: Spinous processes of C7-T1 Insertion: Vertebral (medial) border of scapula Action: Adduction, downwards rotation
Rhomboid major Origin: Spinous processes of T2-T5 Insertion: vertebral (medial) border of scapula Action: Adduction, downwards rotation
Supraspinatus Origin: Supraspinous fossa of the scapula Insertion: Greater tubercle of humerus Action: Abduction
Infraspinatus Origin: infraspinous fossa of scapula Insertion: Greater tubercle of humerus Action: Lateral rotation
Teres minor Origin: Lateral border of scapula Insertion: Greater tubercle of humerus Action: Lateral rotation
Teres major Origin: Inferior angle of scapula Insertion: Lesser tubercle of humerus Action: Adduction, rotation, Extension
Subscapularis Origin: Subscapula fossa of the scapula Insertion: lesser tubercle of the humerus Action: Medial rotation
Illiocostalis thoracis Origin: Ribs 5-12 Insertion: Inferior border of ribs, Transverse processes of C4-C6 Action: Extension, lateral flexion
Longissimus Origin: Transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae Insertion: Transverse processes of last cervical vertebrae Action: Extension, lateral flexion
spinalis Origin: Spinous processes of T7-L3 Insertion: Spinous processes of upper thoracic vertebrae Action: Extension
Splenius capitis Origin: Spinous processes od C7-T6 Insertion: Mastoid process of temporal bone, occipital bone Action: Extension
Splenius cervicis Origin: Spinous processes of T3-T6 Insertion: Transverse processes of C2-C4 Action: Extension
Semispinalis capitis Origin: Process of lower cervical and upper thoracic vertebrae Insertion: Occipital bone Action: Extension, Hyper-extension
Semispinalis cervicis Origin: Transverse processes of T1-T5/6 Insertion: Spinous processes of C2-C5 Action: Extension, Hyper-extension
Semispinalis thoracis Origin: Transverse processes of T6-T10 Insertion: Spinous processes of C5-T4 Action: Extension, Hyper-extension
Biceps brachii Origin: Long head- Supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula, Short head- coracoid process of the scapula Insertion: radial tuberosity of the radius Action: Flexion, Supernation (forearm)
Brachialis Origin: Anterior humerus Insertion: Coronoid process of the ulna Action: Flexion
Coracobrachialis Origin: Coracoid process of the scapula Insertion: Medial humerus Action: Flexion, adduction
Triceps brachii Origin: Long head - Infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula, Lateral & medial head - Posterior humerus Insertion: Olecranon process of the ulna Action: Extension
Pronator teres Origin: Medial epicondyle of the humerus Insertion: Lateral radius Action: Pronation
Flexor carpi radialis Origin: Medial epicondyle of the humerus Insertion: 2nd and 3rd metacarpals Action: flexion, abduction
Palmaris longus Origin: Medial epicondyle of the humerus Insertion: Palmar aponeurosis Action: Flexion
Flexor carpi ulnaris Origin: Medial epicondyle of the humerus, olecranon process of ulna, shaft of ulna Insertion: pisiform, hamate, 5th metacarpal Action: Flexion, adduction
Flexor digitorum superficialis Origin: Medial epicondyle of the humerus, coronoid process of the ulna, shaft of radius Insertion: Middle phalanges of 2nd to 5th digit Action: Flexion
Flexor digitorum profundus Origin: ulna, interosseous membrane Insertion: Distal phalanges of 2nd to 5th digit Action: Flexion
Flexor pollicis longus Origin: Anterior radius, interosseous membrane Insertion: Distal phalanx of polled Action: Flexion
Pronator quadratus Origin: Distal and anterior ulnar shaft Insertion: Distal and anterior radius Action: Pronation
Brachioradialis Origin: Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus Insertion: Styloid process of the radius Action: Flexion
Extensor carpi radialis longus Origin: Lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus Insertion: 2nd metacarpal Action: Extension
Extensor carpi radialis brevis Origin: Lateral epicondyle of the humerus Insertion: 3rd metacarpal Action: Extension, abduction
Extensor digitorum Origin: Lateral epicondyle of the humerus Insertion: Distal phalanges of 2nd to 5th digit Action: Extension
Extensor carpi ulnaris Origin: Lateral epicondyle of the humerus, posterior ulna Insertion: 5th metacarpal Action: Extension, adduction
Supinator Origin: Lateral epicondyle of the humerus, proximal ulna Insertion: proximal end of radius Action: supernation
Abductor pollicis longus Origin: Posterior radius, posterior ulna, interosseus membane Insertion: Trapezium, 1st metacarpal Action: Abduction
Extensor pollicis brevis Origin: Posterior ulna, posterior radius, interosseus membrane Insertion: Proximal phalanx of pollex Action: Extension
Extensor pollicis longus Origin: posterior radius, posterior ulna, interosseus membrane Insertion: Distal phalanx of polled Action: Extension
Extensor indicis Origin: Posterior ulna, interosseus membrane Insertion: Distal phalanx of 2nd digit Action: Extension
Extensor digiti minimi Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus Insertion: Distal phalanx of 5th digit Action: Extension
Abductor pollicis brevis Origin: Scaphoid, trapezium, flexor retinaculum Insertion: Proximal phalanx of pollex Action: Abduction
Opponens pollicis Origin: Trapezius, flexor retinaculum Insertion: 1st metacarpal Action: opposes pollex
Flexor pollicis brevis Origin: Trapezium, Flexor retinaculum Insertion: Proximal phalanx of polled Action: Flexion
Adductor pollicis Origin: capitate, 2nd - 4th metacarpals Insertion: proximal phalanx of polled Action: Adduction, opposes pollex
Iliopsoas Origin: Iliac fossa, alba of the sacrum, transverse processes of T12-L5 Insertion: Lesser trochanter of the femur Action: Flexion
Sartorius Origin: Anterior superior iliac spine Insertion: Medial tibia Action: Flexion, lateral rotation
Rectus femoris Origin: Anterior inferior iliac spine Insertion: patella, tibial tuberosity Action: Flexion (knee), Extension (hip)
Vastus lateralis Origin: Greater trochanter of the femur, intertrochanteric line, line aspera of femur Insertion: Patella, tibial tuberosity Action: Extension
Vastus medialis Origin: Linea aspera of femur, intertrochanteric line Insertion: Patella, tibial tuberosity Action: Extension
Vastus intermedialis Origin: Shaft of femur Insertion: Patella, tibial tuberosity Action: Extension
Pectineus Origin: Superior rams of pubis Insertion: linea aspera of femur Action: Adduction, flexion medial rotation
Tensor fascia latae Origin: Anterior superior iliac spine, iliac crest Insertion: Iliotibial tract Action: Flexion, abduction, medial rotation
Gracilis Origin: Inferior ramus of pubis, body of pubis Insertion: Medial surface of tibia Action: Adduction, flexion, medial rotation
Adductor longus Origin: Pubis Insertion: Linea aspera of femur Action: Adduction, flexion, medial rotation
Adductor brevis Origin: Inferior ramus of pubis, body of pubis Insertion: Linea aspera of femur Action: Adduction, medial rotation
Adductor magnus Origin: Inferior ramus of pubis, ischial ramus, ischial tuberosity Insertion: Linea aspera of femur Action: Adduction, lateral rotation, flexion
Gluteus maximus Origin: Posterior ilium, sacrum, coccyx Insertion: Iliotibial tract, gluteal tuberosity of femur Action: Extension, lateral rotation, abduction
Gluteus medius Origin: lateral surface of ilium Insertion: Greater trochanter of femur Action: Abduction, medial rotation
Gluteus minimus Origin: Lateral surface of ilium Insertion: Greater trochanter of femur Action: Abduction, medial rotation
Biceps femoris Origin: Long head- Ischial tuberosity, Short head- line aspera Insertion: Head of fibula, lateral condyle of tibia Action: Extension, flexion, lateral rotation
Semitendinosus Origin: Ischial tuberosity Insertion: Medial tibia Action: Extension (hip), flexion (knee), medial rotation
Semimembranosus Origin: Ischial tuberosity Insertion: Medial condyle of tibia Action: Extension (hip), flexion (knee), medial rotation
Pisiformis Origin: Lateral surface of sacrum Insertion: Greater trochanter of femur Action: Lateral rotation
Quadratus femoris Origin: Ischial tuberosity Insertion: Intertrochanteric crest of the femur Action: Lateral rotation
Tibialis anterior Origin: Lateral condyle of tibia, interosseous membrane Insertion: Medial cuneiform, 1st metatarsal Action: Dorsi flexion, inverts foot
Extensor hallucis longus Origin: Anterior fibula, interosseous membrane Insertion: Distal phalanx of hallux Action: Dorsiflexion, extension
Extensor digitorum longus Origin: Lateral condyle of tibia, proximal fibula, interosseous membrane Insertion: middle and distal phalanges of 2nd-5th digits Action: Extension
Fibularis tertius Origin: Anterior fibula, interosseous membrane Insertion: 5th metatarsal Action: Dorsiflexion, everts foot
Fibularis longus Origin: head of fibula Insertion: Medial cuneiform, 1st metatarsal Action: Plantar flexion, everts foot
Fibularis brevis Origin: Distal fibula Insertion: 5th metatarsal Action: Plantar flexion, everts foot
Gastrocnemius Origin: Lateral & medial condyle of femur Insertion: Calcaneus Action: Plantarflexion
Soleus Origin: Proximal tibia & fibula, interosseous membrane Insertion: Calcaneus Action: Plantar flexion
Flexor digitorum longus Origin: Posterior tibia Insertion: Distal phalanges of 2nd-5th digits Action: Plantar flexion, flexion, inverts foot
Flexor hallucis longus Origin: Middle shaft of fibula, interosseous membrane Insertion: distal phalanx of hallux Action: Plantar flexion, inverts foot, flexion
Tibialis Posterior Origin: Proximal tibia & fibula, interosseous membrane Insertion: Navicular bone, 2nd-4th metatarsal Action: plantar flexion, inverts foot
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