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Description
Flashcards by Tom Mitchell, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Tom Mitchell
over 10 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| What is a pigment? | The substance that gives a paint it's colour. |
| What is a solvent in a paint? | A substance that thins the paint and makes it easier to spread. |
| What is a binding medium? | A liquid that carries the pigment in a paint. When it goes solid it sticks the pigment to the painted surface. |
| What is a colloid? | A colloid consists of really tiny particles dispersed in another substance. |
| What is an emulsifier? | An additive that makes water and oil mix well together. |
| How do emulsifiers work? | An emulsifier particle has a hydrophilic head and a hydrophobic tail. The hydrophilic end bonds to the water molecules and the hydrophobic end bonds to the oil molecules. This means that the emulsion will not separate out. |
| What is an emulsion? | An emulsion is made up of lots of droplets of one liquid suspended in another. |
| What is a thermochromic pigment? | A pigment that changes colour when heated. |
| What is a phosphorescent pigment? | A pigment that is able to absorb light and store it in it's molecules. The energy is then given out over a period of time. This allows the pigment to glow in the dark. |
| What is the composition of our atmosphere? | 78% Nitrogen, 21% Oxygen and 0.035% Carbon Dioxide. There are also varying amount of water vapour and noble gases (mainly argon). |
| Why does deforestation happen? | Deforestation usually occurs because people need new houses or places to grow food. |
| What is a consequence of deforestation? | Less carbon dioxide is taken from the atmosphere as there are less trees to photosynthesise. |
| What is the role of a catalytic converter? | To reduce the amount of carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides getting into the atmosphere. |
| What is the catalyst in a catalytic converter usually made up of? | Platinum and rhodium. |
| What is the word equation for a catalytic converter? | Carbon monoxide + Nitrogen oxide --> Nitrogen + Carbon Dioxide |
| What is the symbol equation for a catalytic converter? | |
| Give the charge and mass of a: Proton Neutron Electron | Proton: mass = 1, charge = +1 Neutron: mass = 1, charge = 0 Electron: mass = 0.0005, charge = -1 |
| What is the mass number of an atom? | The total number of neutrons and protons. |
| What is the atomic number of an atom? | The number of protons. |
| How do you find an atom's electronic structure? | Find the element in the periodic table. Work out which period it is in, and draw that number of circles around the nucleus. Work out which group the element is in and draw that number of electrons in the outer circle - with eight for Group 0 elements - except helium. Fill the other circles with electrons. Remember - two in the first, eight in the second and third, and 18 in the fourth. Finally, count your electrons and check that they equal the atomic number. |
| What is an isotope? | A different form of the same element. They have the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons. |
| What is an ion? | An atom that has either lost or gained electrons to become charged. |
| What is ionic bonding? | Ionic bonding is when atoms either lose or gain electrons to become charged particles. These then are strongly attracted to atoms of the opposite charge. |
| What is a giant ionic structure? | A tightly packed, regular lattice arrangement formed by metals and non-metals. |
| Why can giant lattices not conduct electricity when solid? | Because the ions are not free to move. |
| What are protons, neutrons and electrons? | Subatomic particles |
| What affects the rate of reaction? | Temperature, Concentration (or pressure for gases), Larger surface area & a Catalyst. |
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