5953992
Description
Flashcards by Lesley Howard, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Lesley Howard
over 8 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| HGB | Hemoglobin concentration Concentration per deciliter of whole blood Average = 15g/dL |
| RBC | Red blood cell count Number of RBCs in whole blood Average = 5*10^6 Use 5 in calculation |
| HCT | Hematocrit Packed cell volume % of whole blood occupied by RBCs Average = 45% Use 45 in calculation not .45 |
| MCV | Mean corpuscular volume The average volume of circulating RBCs MCV = HCT/RBC (10) |
| Microcytic | MCV < 80 fL |
| Normocytic | MCV 80-100 fL |
| Macrocytic | MCV > 100 fL |
| MCH | Maan corpuscular hemoglobin Amount of Hb in the average circulating RBC MCH = HGB/RBC (10) Average = 26-32 pG/RBC |
| MCHC | Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration Concentration of Hb in the average circulating RBC MCHC = HGB/HCT (100) MCHC = MCH/MCV (100) |
| Normochromic | MCHC = 31-37% |
| Hypochromic | MCHC < 31% |
| RDW | Red blood cell distribution width Measure of the variation in RBC volume Normal = 11-15% Elevated = anisocytosis Elevated in nutritional deficiencies |
| Rule of 3 | RBC in million * 3 = HGB in g/dL HGB in g/dL * 3 = HCT % |
| Order of RBC formation | Stem cell > pro erythroblast > early erythroblast > intermediate erythroblast > late erythroblast > reticulocyte > RBC |
| Nucleus is removed from | Late erythroblast |
| Erythropoiesis | Production of RBCs in bone marrow Stimulated by erythropoietin |
| Erythropoietin | Stimulated by hypoxia or increased demand by tissue for oxygen Released from kidney, acts on red marrow Increases BFUE/CFUE cells, the rate of erythroid differentiation, production and release of reticulocytes, iron absorption, and Hb synthesis |
| Recombinant EPO | Administered to patients with kidneys that are too damaged to produce sufficient EPO |
| Reticulocytes | 72 hours to mature 48 in marrow 24 in circulation Contain ribosomes and mRNA |
| Anemia | Most common blood disorder Reduction in O2 to tissues Sign of a disease |
| Impaired anemia | Impaired DNA synthesis Iron deficiency Lack of hemoglobin |
| Destruction anemia | Excessive hemolysis due to defective RBCs Acute bleeding |
| Corrected reticulocyte | Used to determine pathological cause of anemia Calculated value based on the proportion of reticulocytes as compared to total RBCs Low to normal: Insufficient erythropoiesis Elevated: Increased RBC destruction or loss |
| Flowchart Q1 | Is HGB within normal limits? If yes, no anemia If no, move to Q2 |
| Flowchart Q2 | What are the CR levels? Low or within range: Decreased erythropoiesis, so check MCV Elevated: Increased RBC destruction or blood loss |
| Flowchart Q3 | Check MCV if CR levels are low or within range Low: Microcytic cells with impaired Hb synthesis and possible iron deficiency Elevated: Increased RBC destruction or blood loss |
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