6044249
Description
Flashcards by Elise Izzard, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Elise Izzard
over 8 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Religious expression in Australia – 1945 to the present | Outline changing patterns of religious adherence from 1945 to the present using census data |
| Australia’s Religious Landscape since 1945 | - Census data: 1947: 87.3% Christian, 0.4% Jewish, 0.3% no religion, 2006: 63.9% Christian, 0.4% Jewish, 18.7% no religion, 2011: 60.2% Christian, 0.5% Jewish, 22.3% no religion - Church of England went from 39% in 1947 à 17.1% in 2011 - Catholicism has risen from 20.9% in 1947 à 25.3% in 2011 - Christianity has decreased, yet remains the most popular in Australia (60.2%) - Traditional Churches (Presbyterian, Congregational, Methodist) experienced downturn losing 15% since 1996 - Baptist, Catholic and Orthodox Churches had significant gains of up to 8% since 1996 |
| Religious expression in Australia – 1945 to the present | Account for the present religious landscape in Australia in relation to: - Christianity as the major religious tradition - Immigration - Denominational switching - Rise of New Age religions - Secularism |
| Christianity as the major religious tradition | - Still the main religion in Australia due to historical factors - First fleet arrival brought majority Anglican. Only 10% were Catholic Post first fleet settlers were predominantly Anglican, making the population almost exclusively Christian - Immigration Restriction Act (1901) allowed European migrants only, brining mainly Christians and stabilising the demographic for 50 years - Traditional Indigenous religions not recognised |
| Immigration | - After WWI, further migration from Europe saw more Christian adherents - After WWII, other European nations encouraged to migrate (i.e Greece) which brought other Christian denominations such as Eastern Orthodox - Relaxation of White Australia policy in 1950’s and its eventual abolition (1973), Australia has increased in variation - After WWII, Jewish population began to increase à Jewish immigrants came in waves after the Holocaust -First major influx in Muslims arrived with Turkish Muslims fleeing WWII concentration camps |
| Denominational Switching | - 1991 Church Life Survey: 29% of responders had switched in the last 5 years - Largest recipients of switchers are the Pentecostal churches - Anglican has suffered the greatest loss - Catholic and Orthodox faith traditions rarely experience a net loss or gain of switchers |
| Rise of New Age Religions | - Differ from traditional churches - Lack any single unifying creed or doctrine - Became popular from 1960’s to 1970’s as a reaction to the failure of Christianity - Roots are traceable in many religious origins including Hinduism, Wicca and Neo-pagan traditions - Reasons for growth in popularity (Media began to release stories of Catholic Church clergymen involved in sexual abuse, Social switch from community to individual, Consumerism has contributed: people invest on their material life, Rejection of the idea you can only find fulfilment from one source) |
| Secularism | - The diminishing influence on religion in public life or the lessening impact of people’s individual religious identity on their daily living - During 1960’s and 70’s cheap world travel opened up the experience - Increasing sense of individualism has led to many Australians to see religious observance as a choice rather than an obligation - Unsatisfactory response of many religious leaders in response to abuse claims has diminished the role of religion |
| Religious expression in Australia – 1945 to the present | Describe the impact of Christian ecumenical movements in Australia - The National Council of Churches - NSW Ecumenical Council |
| The National Council of Churches | - Ecumenical organisation bringing together a number of Australian churches in dialogue and practical cooperation - Began with Australian Committee for the World Council of Churches which developed into NCCA by 1994 Originally the movement was for Christian unity: 1960’s: Eastern and Oriental Churches joined, 1994: after opening Vatican II, Roman Catholic Church joined - 15 different church variants are part of NCCA - More conservative, evangelical denominations such as Baptist and Pentecostal churches have failed to join |
| NSW Ecumenical Council | - Established in 1946, Affiliated with NCCA - 16 member churches, but, like NCCA, conservative churches have refused to join - Sponsors a variety of social and charitable initiatives overlapped by the NCCA: Promotion of the Christmas bowl in NSW to help support thousands in needing countries |
| Religious expression in Australia – 1945 to the present | Evaluate the importance of interfaith dialogue in multifaith Australia |
| Importance of Interfaith Dialogue | - Australia is a multicultural society à can lead to misunderstandings and clashes in belief - Clashes in belief have been the result of much conflict, war and violence throughout history - Aimed at promoting understanding between religious traditions Representatives from different religious traditions meet together peacefully (Sydney Siege had Jewish, Muslim and Christian leaders together praying for the hostages) |
| Religious expression in Australia – 1945 to the present | Examine the relationship between Aboriginal Spiritualities and religious traditions in the process of Reconciliation |
| The Relationship Between Aboriginal Spiritualities and Religious Traditions in the Process of Reconciliation | - Many Christian groups strongly support reconciliation and the issues associated with it - Historically, Christian groups have been intimately involved with the process of reconciliation (i.e advocating Aboriginal land rights) - Australians for Native Title and Reconciliation (ANTaR) is an example of a prominent church based organisation advocating indigenous rights - There is interfaith support for the process of reconciliation - Various Jewish groups have also made public statements supporting reconciliation - Support that traditions other than Christianity lend to reconciliation is less noticeable compared to the work of Christian groups because of their similar affiliation |
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