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Description
Flashcards by Isaac Sanchez, updated more than 1 year ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Minerals | Inorganic, naturally occurring substances that have a characteristic chemical properties, distinctive physical properties, and crystalline structure. |
| Identifying Minerals | We use a series of tests, and scales to identify what the mineral is. |
| Test 1: Luster | (Visual) We determine whether the mineral is metallic, or non-metallic based off the reflection of light. If there is no sheen, or simply does not look metallic, then the luster is non-metallic. If there is a sheen, it is metallic. |
| Test 2: Hardness | We use tools containing different hardness levels, and Moh's Hardness scale. When scratching the mineral against tools, we record the effectiveness of the tool's hardness in conjunction with the scale in order to determine which mineral we tested. |
| Moh's Hardness Scale | |
| Test 3: Streak | We use a streak plate, and rub the mineral onto it so a visible streak is created. With this, we can also determine which mineral we have. FYI, the color of the streak does not always match the color of the mineral. This is why the test is performed. |
| Test 4: Cleavage | (Visual) We can determine whether the rock has cleavage, or a fracture by simply looking at the planes of the rock. |
| Cleavage | Planes that repeat throughout the mineral. FYI if you can peel cleavage off of a mineral like Mica. |
| Fracture | No planes; rounded, or irregular breaks. FYI Quartz are typically fractured unless they are in crystal form. |
| Test 5: Other | Specific gravity (density), smell (Sulfur after scratching), taste (salty), effervescence (fizzing from Calcite, Dolomite fizzes in powdered form), magnetism (Magnetite), striations (knife marks, found in Plagioclase), and veins (Exsolution Lamellae, found in Potassium Feldspar) |
| Potassium Feldspar Colors: | Pink, Green, White |
| Quartz Colors: | Rose Quartz (Pink), White Quartz, Clear Quartz, Amythest (Purple), Grey Quartz |
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